---
title: Jonah 1:6 (JPS 1917) — So the shipmaster came to him, and said unto him: 'What meanest thou… · tree and pragmatics
description: So the shipmaster came to him, and said unto him: 'What meanest thou that thou sleepest? arise, call upon thy God, if so be that God will think upon us, that we perish not.' Who acts: shipmaster, thou, God, we. Jonah 1:6 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Jonah 1:6 · JPS 1917

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So the shipmaster came to him, and said unto him: 'What meanest thou that thou sleepest? arise, call upon thy God, if so be that God will think upon us, that we perish not.'

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**Who acts:** shipmaster, thou, God, we · **What happens:** come, say, mean, sleep, arise, call · **To what, where:** Jonah · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Jonah 1:6 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shipmaster, thou, God, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JON:6
# text = So the shipmaster came to him, and said unto him: 'What meanest thou that thou sleepest? arise, call upon thy God, if so be that God will think upon us, that we perish not.'
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	shipmaster	shipmaster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	_
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	_
14	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	15	obj	_	_
15	meanest	mean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
16	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	nsubj	_	_
17	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
18	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nsubj	_	_
19	sleepest	sleep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	_
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
21	arise	arise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	parataxis	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
24	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
29	so	so	ADV	RB	_	23	advcl	_	_
30	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	cop	_	_
31	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
32	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
33	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	think	think	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	csubj	_	_
35	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	obl	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
38	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
39	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
40	perish	perish	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	advcl	_	_
41	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	40	advmod	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
43	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: other
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=request

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the shipmaster |  | Jonah |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to he=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the shipmaster *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto Jonah | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **mean** | present | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic |
| 4 | **sleep** | present | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **arise** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **call** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | upon thy God | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | so *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **think** *speech: other* | future | God |  |  |  |  | upon us | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 9 | **not** **perish** | present | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיִּקְרַ֤ב אֵלָיו֙ רַ֣ב הַחֹבֵ֔ל וַיֹּ֥אמֶר ל֖וֹ מַה־לְּךָ֣ נִרְדָּ֑ם ק֚וּם קְרָ֣א אֶל־אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ אוּלַ֞י יִתְעַשֵּׁ֧ת הָאֱלֹהִ֛ים לָ֖נוּ וְלֹ֥א נֹאבֵֽד׃

[Jonah 1:6: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JON.1.6/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JON:6` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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