---
title: Joshua 6:8 (JPS 1917) — And it was so, that when Joshua had spoken unto the people, the seve… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it was so, that when Joshua had spoken unto the people, the seven priests bearing the seven rams' horns before the LORD passed on, and blew with the horns; and the ark of the covenant of the LORD followed them. Who acts: Joshua, seven priests, ark, LORD. Joshua 6:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependenc
---

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# Joshua 6:8 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it was so, that when Joshua had spoken unto the people, the seven priests bearing the seven rams' horns before the LORD passed on, and blew with the horns; and the ark of the covenant of the LORD followed them.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Joshua, seven priests, ark, LORD · **What happens:** be, speak, bear, pass on, blow, follow · **To what, where:** horns, priests · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 6:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua, seven priests, ark, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:107
# text = And it was so, that when Joshua had spoken unto the people, the seven priests bearing the seven rams' horns before the LORD passed on, and blew with the horns; and the ark of the covenant of the LORD followed them.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	expl	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	10	mark	_	_
8	Joshua	Joshua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	27	advcl	_	_
11	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
18	bearing	bear	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	acl	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
21	rams	ram	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nmod:poss	_	_
22	'	's	PART	POS	_	21	case	_	_
23	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
24	before	before	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
27	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	csubj	_	_
28	on	on	ADP	RP	_	27	compound:prt	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	blew	blow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	conj	_	_
32	with	with	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obl	_	_
35	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	45	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	ark	ark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nsubj	_	_
39	of	of	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	covenant	covenant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	_
45	followed	follow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	conj	_	_
46	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	obj	_	_
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | so *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past · perfect | Joshua |  |  |  |  | unto the people | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **bear** | gerund | the seven priests *not said here* | the seven rams's horns |  |  | before the LORD |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horn=Patient |
| 4 | **pass on** | past | the seven priests |  |  |  |  |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **blow** | past | the seven priests *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the horns | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»: with horn=Theme |
| 6 | **follow** | past | the ark of the covenant of the LORD | priests *= priest* |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 7 | **covenant** |  | the LORD |  |  |  |  |  | nom covenant «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֗י כֶּאֱמֹ֣ר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ֮ אֶל־הָעָם֒ וְשִׁבְעָ֣ה הַכֹּהֲנִ֡ים נֹשְׂאִים֩ שִׁבְעָ֨ה שׁוֹפְר֤וֹת הַיּֽוֹבְלִים֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה עָבְר֕וּ וְתָקְע֖וּ בַּשּֽׁוֹפָר֑וֹת וַֽאֲרוֹן֙ בְּרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה הֹלֵ֖ךְ אַחֲרֵיהֶֽם׃

[Joshua 6:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.6.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:107` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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