---
title: Joshua 7:12 (JPS 1917) — Therefore the children of Israel cannot stand before their enemies,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Therefore the children of Israel cannot stand before their enemies, they turn their backs before their enemies, because they are become accursed; I will not be with you any more, except ye destroy the accursed from among you. Who acts: children, I, ye. Joshua 7:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tre
---

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# Joshua 7:12 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Therefore the children of Israel cannot stand before their enemies, they turn their backs before their enemies, because they are become accursed; I will not be with you any more, except ye destroy the accursed from among you.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** children, I, ye · **What happens:** not stand, turn, become, not be, destroy · **To what, where:** enemies, backs, children, accursed

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 7:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (children, I, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:139
# text = Therefore the children of Israel cannot stand before their enemies, they turn their backs before their enemies, because they are become accursed; I will not be with you any more, except ye destroy the accursed from among you.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	stand	stand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	before	before	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
15	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	backs	back	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
17	before	before	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux:pass	_	_
24	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	advcl	_	_
25	accursed	accursed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	xcomp	_	_
26	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
27	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
28	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
29	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	32	advmod	_	_
30	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	cop	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	parataxis	_	_
33	any	any	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
34	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	32	advmod	_	_
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
36	except	except	SCONJ	IN	_	38	mark	_	_
37	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	38	nsubj	_	_
38	destroy	destroy	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	advcl	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	accursed	accursed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	obj	_	_
41	from	from	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	among	among	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	38	obl	_	_
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: request
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **stand** | can | the children of Israel |  |  | children's enemies |  | therefore *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before enemy=Location |
| 2 | **turn** | present | children *= child* | children's backs |  |  | before children's enemies |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent back=Theme |
| 3 | **become** | present · passive |  | children *= child* |  |  |  | accursed *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 4 | **not** **is** | future | I |  |  |  |  | with you | tree rules |
| 5 | **destroy** | present | ye | the accursed |  |  |  | from you | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent accursed=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְלֹ֨א יֻכְל֜וּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל לָקוּם֙ לִפְנֵ֣י אֹיְבֵיהֶ֔ם עֹ֗רֶף יִפְנוּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י אֹֽיְבֵיהֶ֔ם כִּ֥י הָי֖וּ לְחֵ֑רֶם לֹ֤א אוֹסִיף֙ לִֽהְי֣וֹת עִמָּכֶ֔ם אִם־לֹ֥א תַשְׁמִ֛ידוּ הַחֵ֖רֶם מִֽקִּרְבְּכֶֽם׃

[Joshua 7:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.7.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:139` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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