---
title: Joshua 1:14 (JPS 1917) — Your wives, your little ones, and your cattle, shall abide in the la… · tree and pragmatics
description: Your wives, your little ones, and your cattle, shall abide in the land which Moses gave you beyond the Jordan; but ye shall pass over before your brethren armed, all the mighty men of valour, and shall help them; Who acts: wives, Moses, ye. Joshua 1:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pr
---

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# Joshua 1:14 · JPS 1917

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Your wives, your little ones, and your cattle, shall abide in the land which Moses gave you beyond the Jordan; but ye shall pass over before your brethren armed, all the mighty men of valour, and shall help them;

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**Who acts:** wives, Moses, ye · **What happens:** abide, give, pass over, help · **To what, where:** land, you, brethren, wives

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 1:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wives, Moses, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:14
# text = Your wives, your little ones, and your cattle, shall abide in the land which Moses gave you beyond the Jordan; but ye shall pass over before your brethren armed, all the mighty men of valour, and shall help them;
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	wives	wife	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	ones	one	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
12	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	abide	abide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	obj	_	_
18	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
20	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	19	iobj	_	_
21	beyond	beyond	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	Jordan	Jordan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
25	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	28	nsubj	_	_
27	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
29	over	over	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
30	before	before	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	brethren	brethren	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obl	_	_
33	armed	armed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	advmod	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
35	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	38	det:predet	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
37	mighty	mighty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obj	_	_
39	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	valour	valour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	_
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
43	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	44	aux	_	_
44	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	conj	_	_
45	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	obj	_	_
46	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **abide** | shall | Your wives and your little ones and your cattle |  |  | the land |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | past | Moses | the land | you |  |  | beyond the Jordan | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient which=Theme |
| 3 | **pass over** | shall | ye |  |  | your brethren |  | over *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme before brethren=Location |
| 4 | **help** | shall | ye *not said here* | wives *= wife* |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
נְשֵׁיכֶ֣ם טַפְּכֶם֮ וּמִקְנֵיכֶם֒ יֵשְׁב֕וּ בָּאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר נָתַ֥ן לָכֶ֛ם מֹשֶׁ֖ה בְּעֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן וְאַתֶּם֩ תַּעַבְר֨וּ חֲמֻשִׁ֜ים לִפְנֵ֣י אֲחֵיכֶ֗ם כֹּ֚ל גִּבּוֹרֵ֣י הַחַ֔יִל וַעֲזַרְתֶּ֖ם אוֹתָֽם׃

[Joshua 1:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.1.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:14` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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