--- title: Joshua 8:16 (JPS 1917) — And all the people that were in Ai were called together to pursue af… · tree and pragmatics description: And all the people that were in Ai were called together to pursue after them; and they pursued after Joshua, and were drawn away from the city. Who acts: people. Joshua 8:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.171/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/8/) / [8:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.16/) / JPS 1 # Joshua 8:16 · JPS 1917 And all the people that were in Ai were called together to pursue after them; and they pursued after Joshua, and were drawn away from the city. **Who acts:** people · **What happens:** be, call together, pursue, draw away · **To what, where:** Ai, people This is Joshua 8:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JOS:171 # text = And all the people that were in Ai were called together to pursue after them; and they pursued after Joshua, and were drawn away from the city. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 2 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 4 det:predet _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj:pass _ _ 5 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 6 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 Ai Ai PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 acl:relcl _ _ 9 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux:pass _ _ 10 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 11 together together ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 12 to to PART TO _ 13 mark _ _ 13 pursue pursue VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 advcl _ _ 14 after after ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT : _ 19 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 18 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 19 pursued pursue VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 20 after after ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 21 Joshua Joshua PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 24 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux:pass _ _ 25 drawn draw VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 19 conj _ _ 26 away away ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 27 from from ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 city city NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | all people | | | Ai | | | tree rules | | 2 | **call together** *speech: assert* | past · passive | | all people | | | | together *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | | 3 | **pursue** | to-infinitive | | | | | after people | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent after they=Theme | | 4 | **pursue** | past | people | | | | after Joshua | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent after joshua=Theme | | 5 | **draw away** | past · passive | people *not said here* | | | | | from the city; away *property* | vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: from city=Co-Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּזָּעֲק֗וּ כָּל־הָעָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּעַ֔י לִרְדֹּ֖ף אַחֲרֵיהֶ֑ם וַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ וַיִּנָּתְק֖וּ מִן־הָעִֽיר׃ [Joshua 8:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.16/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:171` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Joshua 8:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.170/) - next →: [Joshua 8:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.172/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 8:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.16/)