---
title: Joshua 8:19 (JPS 1917) — And the ambush arose quickly out of their place, and they ran as soo… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the ambush arose quickly out of their place, and they ran as soon as he had stretched out his hand, and entered into the city, and took it; and they hastened and set the city on fire. Who acts: ambush, men. Joshua 8:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Joshua 8:19 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the ambush arose quickly out of their place, and they ran as soon as he had stretched out his hand, and entered into the city, and took it; and they hastened and set the city on fire.

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**Who acts:** ambush, men · **What happens:** arise, run, stretch out, enter, take, hasten · **To what, where:** place, hand, city, fire

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 8:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ambush, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:174
# text = And the ambush arose quickly out of their place, and they ran as soon as he had stretched out his hand, and entered into the city, and took it; and they hastened and set the city on fire.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	ambush	ambush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	as	as	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	13	advmod	_	_
16	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	15	fixed	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	stretched	stretch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
20	out	out	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	entered	enter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
26	into	into	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
32	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	obj	_	_
33	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	36	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
35	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
36	hastened	hasten	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	set	set	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	conj	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obj	_	_
41	on	on	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise** | past | the ambush |  |  | men's place |  | quickly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out place=Location |
| 2 | **run** | past | men *= man* |  |  |  |  | soon *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **stretch out** | past · perfect | ambush | ambush's hand |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 4 | **enter** | past | men *= man* *not said here* |  |  | the city |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into city=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **take** | past | men *= man* *not said here* | hand |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 6 | **hasten** | past | men *= man* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 7 | **set** | past | men *= man* *not said here* | the city |  | fire |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent city=Theme on fire=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְהָאוֹרֵ֡ב קָם֩ מְהֵרָ֨ה מִמְּקוֹמ֤וֹ וַיָּר֙וּצוּ֙ כִּנְט֣וֹת יָד֔וֹ וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ הָעִ֖יר וַֽיִּלְכְּד֑וּהָ וַֽיְמַהֲר֔וּ וַיַּצִּ֥יתוּ אֶת־הָעִ֖יר בָּאֵֽשׁ׃

[Joshua 8:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.8.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:174` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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