---
title: Joshua 9:7 (JPS 1917) — And the men of Israel said unto the Hivites: 'Peradventure ye dwell… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the men of Israel said unto the Hivites: 'Peradventure ye dwell among us; and how shall we make a covenant with you?' Who acts: men, ye, we. Joshua 9:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Joshua 9:7 · JPS 1917

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And the men of Israel said unto the Hivites: 'Peradventure ye dwell among us; and how shall we make a covenant with you?'

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**Who acts:** men, ye, we · **What happens:** say, dwell, make · **To what, where:** covenant · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Joshua 9:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, ye, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:197
# text = And the men of Israel said unto the Hivites: 'Peradventure ye dwell among us; and how shall we make a covenant with you?'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Hivites	Hivite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
11	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	_
12	Peradventure	peradventure	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	nsubj	_	_
14	dwell	dwell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
15	among	among	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
19	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	22	advmod	_	_
20	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
21	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	covenant	covenant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	_
27	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	_
28	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: wh-question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=ask, indirect=0, polarity=none

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the men of Israel |  |  |  |  | unto the Hivites | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **dwell** | present | ye |  |  |  |  | among us; peradventure *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among we=Location |
| 3 | **make** | shall | we | a covenant |  |  |  | with you | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent covenant=Product |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֶל־הַחִוִּ֑י אוּלַ֗י בְּקִרְבִּי֙ אַתָּ֣ה יוֹשֵׁ֔ב וְאֵ֖יךְ אֶֽכְרָת־לְךָ֥ בְרִֽית׃

[Joshua 9:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.9.7/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:197` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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