---
title: Joshua 9:13 (JPS 1917) — And these wine-skins, which we filled, were new; and, behold, they a… · tree and pragmatics
description: And these wine-skins, which we filled, were new; and, behold, they are rent. Who acts: we, wine skins, skins. Joshua 9:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.203/)

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# Joshua 9:13 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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And these wine-skins, which we filled, were new; and, behold, they are rent.

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**Who acts:** we, wine skins, skins · **What happens:** fill, be · **To what, where:** wine skins

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This is Joshua 9:13 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, wine skins, skins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:203
# text = And these wine-skins, which we filled, were new; and, behold, they are rent.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
2	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
3	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	_
5	skins	skin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obj	_	_
8	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	filled	fill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	20	discourse	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	rent	rent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	conj	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | past | we | this wine skins |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent which=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | past | this wine skins |  |  |  |  | new *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | skins *= skin* |  |  |  |  | rent *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְאֵ֨לֶּה נֹאד֤וֹת הַיַּ֙יִן֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר מִלֵּ֣אנוּ חֲדָשִׁ֔ים וְהִנֵּ֖ה הִתְבַּקָּ֑עוּ וְאֵ֤לֶּה שַׂלְמוֹתֵ֙ינוּ֙ וּנְעָלֵ֔ינוּ בָּל֕וּ מֵרֹ֥ב הַדֶּ֖רֶךְ מְאֹֽד׃

[Joshua 9:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.9.13/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **And these wine-skins, which we filled, were new; and, behold, they are rent.**
2. [And these our garments and our shoes are worn by reason of the very long journey.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.204/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:203` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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