--- title: Joshua 9:16 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass at the end of three days after they had made a c… · tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass at the end of three days after they had made a covenant with them, that they heard that they were their neighbours, and that they dwelt among them. Who acts: princes. Joshua 9:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.207/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/9/) / [9:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.9.16/) / JPS 1 # Joshua 9:16 · JPS 1917 And it came to pass at the end of three days after they had made a covenant with them, that they heard that they were their neighbours, and that they dwelt among them. **Who acts:** princes · **What happens:** come, pass, make, hear, be, dwell · **To what, where:** congregation, covenant, end, neighbours · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Joshua 9:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (princes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JOS:207 # text = And it came to pass at the end of three days after they had made a covenant with them, that they heard that they were their neighbours, and that they dwelt among them. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 expl _ _ 3 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 6 at at ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 end end NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 11 nummod _ _ 11 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nmod _ _ 12 after after SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 13 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 14 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux _ _ 15 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 advcl _ _ 16 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 covenant covenant NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 with with ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obl _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 that that SCONJ IN _ 23 mark _ _ 22 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 23 heard hear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 24 that that SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 25 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 26 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 cop _ _ 27 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ _ 28 neighbours neighbour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 ccomp _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 31 that that SCONJ IN _ 33 mark _ _ 32 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 33 dwelt dwell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 conj _ _ 34 among among ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obl _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **come** | past | | congregation | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **make** | past · perfect | princes *= prince* | a covenant | | | at the end of three days | with men *= man* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset covenant=Product | | 4 | **hear** | past | princes *= prince* | | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | | 5 | **is a** | past | princes *= prince* | princes's neighbours | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **dwell** | past | princes *= prince* | | | | | among men *= man* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among they=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיְהִ֗י מִקְצֵה֙ שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֔ים אַחֲרֵ֕י אֲשֶׁר־כָּרְת֥וּ לָהֶ֖ם בְּרִ֑ית וַֽיִּשְׁמְע֗וּ כִּי־קְרֹבִ֥ים הֵם֙ אֵלָ֔יו וּבְקִרְבּ֖וֹ הֵ֥ם יֹשְׁבִֽים׃ [Joshua 9:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.9.16/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:207` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Joshua 9:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.206/) - next →: [Joshua 9:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.208/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 9:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.9.16/)