---
title: Joshua 9:22 (JPS 1917) — And Joshua called for them, and he spoke unto them, saying: 'Wherefo… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Joshua called for them, and he spoke unto them, saying: 'Wherefore have ye beguiled us, saying: We are very far from you, when ye dwell among us? Who acts: Joshua, Israel, ye, We. Joshua 9:22 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Joshua 9:22 · JPS 1917

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And Joshua called for them, and he spoke unto them, saying: 'Wherefore have ye beguiled us, saying: We are very far from you, when ye dwell among us?

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**Who acts:** Joshua, Israel, ye, We · **What happens:** call, speak, say, beguile, be, dwell · **To what, where:** us · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Joshua 9:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua, Israel, ye, We), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:215
# text = And Joshua called for them, and he spoke unto them, saying: 'Wherefore have ye beguiled us, saying: We are very far from you, when ye dwell among us?
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Joshua	Joshua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
15	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	_
16	Wherefore	wherefore	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	19	advmod	_	_
17	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nsubj	_	_
19	beguiled	beguile	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	ccomp	_	_
20	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
22	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	advcl	_	_
23	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
24	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
25	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
26	very	very	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
27	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	22	ccomp	_	_
28	from	from	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	27	obl	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	33	mark	_	_
32	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	33	nsubj	_	_
33	dwell	dwell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	advcl	_	_
34	among	among	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	33	obl	_	_
36	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: wh-question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=ask, indirect=0

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past | Joshua |  |  |  |  | for princes *= prince* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for they=Recipient |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | Israel |  |  |  |  | unto princes *= prince* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Israel *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **beguile** | present · perfect | ye | us |  |  |  | wherefore *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus we=Experiencer |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | ye *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **is** | present | We |  |  |  |  | from you; far *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **dwell** | present | ye |  |  |  |  | among us | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among we=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיִּקְרָ֤א לָהֶם֙ יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לֵאמֹ֑ר לָמָּה֩ רִמִּיתֶ֨ם אֹתָ֜נוּ לֵאמֹ֗ר רְחוֹקִ֨ים אֲנַ֤חְנוּ מִכֶּם֙ מְאֹ֔ד וְאַתֶּ֖ם בְּקִרְבֵּ֥נוּ יֹשְׁבִֽים׃

[Joshua 9:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.9.22/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:215` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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