---
title: Joshua 9:24 (JPS 1917) — And they answered Joshua, and said: 'Because it was certainly told t… · tree and pragmatics
description: And they answered Joshua, and said: 'Because it was certainly told thy servants, how that the LORD thy God commanded His servant Moses to give you all the land, and to destroy all the inhabitants of the land from before you; therefore we were sore afraid for our lives because of you, and have done t
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.217/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/9/) / [9:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.9.24/) / JPS 1

# Joshua 9:24 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they answered Joshua, and said: 'Because it was certainly told thy servants, how that the LORD thy God commanded His servant Moses to give you all the land, and to destroy all the inhabitants of the land from before you; therefore we were sore afraid for our lives because of you, and have done this thing.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Joshua, LORD, we · **What happens:** answer, say, tell, command, give, destroy · **To what, where:** Joshua, water, servants, servant, land, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 9:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua, LORD, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:217
# text = And they answered Joshua, and said: 'Because it was certainly told thy servants, how that the LORD thy God commanded His servant Moses to give you all the land, and to destroy all the inhabitants of the land from before you; therefore we were sore afraid for our lives because of you, and have done this thing.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Joshua	Joshua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
9	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	_
10	Because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
13	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	told	tell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	52	advcl	_	_
15	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	iobj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
18	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	24	advmod	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
22	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
24	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	ccomp	_	_
25	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	servant	servant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	appos	_	_
28	to	to	PART	TO	_	29	mark	_	_
29	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	xcomp	_	_
30	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	29	iobj	_	_
31	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	33	det:predet	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
36	to	to	PART	TO	_	37	mark	_	_
37	destroy	destroy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	conj	_	_
38	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	40	det:predet	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obj	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nmod	_	_
44	from	from	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	before	before	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	37	obl	_	_
47	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	52	punct	_	_
48	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	52	advmod	_	_
49	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	52	nsubj	_	_
50	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	52	cop	_	_
51	sore	sore	ADV	RB	_	52	advmod	_	_
52	afraid	afraid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
53	for	for	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
54	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	55	nmod:poss	_	_
55	lives	life	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	52	obl	_	_
56	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	58	case	_	_
57	of	of	ADP	IN	_	56	fixed	_	_
58	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	52	obl	_	_
59	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	62	punct	_	_
60	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	62	cc	_	_
61	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	62	aux	_	_
62	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	52	conj	_	_
63	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	64	det	_	_
64	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	62	obj	_	_
65	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=decl, act=assert, polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | Joshua |  | Joshua |  |  |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent joshua=Eventuality |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Joshua *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past · passive |  | water | thy servants |  |  | certainly *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **command** | past | the LORD | God's servant |  |  |  |  | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent servant=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 5 | **give** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the LORD *not said here* | all land | you |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient land=Theme |
| 6 | **destroy** | to-infinitive | the LORD *not said here* | all inhabitants of the land |  |  |  | from you | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent inhabitant=Patient |
| 7 | **is** | past | we |  |  |  |  | for our lives; because you; afraid, sore, therefore *property* | tree rules |
| 8 | **do** | present · perfect | we *not said here* | this thing |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיַּעֲנ֨וּ אֶת־יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ כִּי֩ הֻגֵּ֨ד הֻגַּ֤ד לַעֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ אֵת֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר צִוָּ֜ה יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֣ה עַבְדּ֔וֹ לָתֵ֤ת לָכֶם֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָאָ֔רֶץ וּלְהַשְׁמִ֛יד אֶת־כָּל־יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָאָ֖רֶץ מִפְּנֵיכֶ֑ם וַנִּירָ֨א מְאֹ֤ד לְנַפְשֹׁתֵ֙ינוּ֙ מִפְּנֵיכֶ֔ם וַֽנַּעֲשֵׂ֖ה אֶת־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה׃

[Joshua 9:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.9.24/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:217` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Joshua 9:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.216/)
- next →: [Joshua 9:25 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.218/)
- ↑ back to [Joshua 9:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.9.24/)