--- title: Joshua 10:5 (JPS 1917) — Therefore the five kings of the Amorites, the king of Jerusalem, the… · tree and pragmatics description: Therefore the five kings of the Amorites, the king of Jerusalem, the king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of Lachish, the king of Eglon, gathered themselves together, and went up, they and all their hosts, and encamped against Gibeon, and made war against it. Who acts: five kings, Amorites. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.225/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/10/) / [10:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.10.5/) / JPS 1 # Joshua 10:5 · JPS 1917 Therefore the five kings of the Amorites, the king of Jerusalem, the king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of Lachish, the king of Eglon, gathered themselves together, and went up, they and all their hosts, and encamped against Gibeon, and made war against it. **Who acts:** five kings, Amorites · **What happens:** gather, go up, encamp, make · **To what, where:** Amorites, war This is Joshua 10:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (five kings, Amorites), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JOS:225 # text = Therefore the five kings of the Amorites, the king of Jerusalem, the king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of Lachish, the king of Eglon, gathered themselves together, and went up, they and all their hosts, and encamped against Gibeon, and made war against it. 1 Therefore therefore ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 3 five five NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 4 nummod _ _ 4 kings king NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nsubj _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 Amorites Amorites PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 4 nmod _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 appos _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 Jerusalem Jerusalem PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 appos _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 Hebron Hebron PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 appos _ _ 21 of of ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 Jarmuth Jarmuth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 appos _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 Lachish Lachish PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 appos _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 Eglon Eglon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 34 gathered gather VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 35 themselves themselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 34 obj _ _ 36 together together ADV RB _ 34 advmod _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 39 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 34 conj _ _ 40 up up ADP RP _ 39 compound:prt _ _ 41 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 42 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 44 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 46 det:predet _ _ 45 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 46 nmod:poss _ _ 46 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 42 conj _ _ 47 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 48 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 49 encamped encamp VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 39 conj _ _ 50 against against ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 51 Gibeon Gibeon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 49 obl _ _ 52 , , PUNCT , _ 54 punct _ _ 53 and and CCONJ CC _ 54 cc _ _ 54 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 49 conj _ _ 55 war war NOUN NN Number=Sing 54 obj _ _ 56 against against ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 57 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 54 obl _ _ 58 . . PUNCT . _ 34 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **gather** | past | the five kings of the Amorites | Amorites | | | | therefore, together *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme | | 2 | **go up** | past | Amorites | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 3 | **encamp** | past | Amorites *not said here* | | | | | against Gibeon | tree rules | | 4 | **make** | past | Amorites *not said here* | war | | | | against war | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset war=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֵּאָסְפ֨וּ וַֽיַּעֲל֜וּ חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת ׀ מַלְכֵ֣י הָאֱמֹרִ֗י מֶ֣לֶךְ יְרוּשָׁלִַ֜ם מֶֽלֶךְ־חֶבְר֤וֹן מֶֽלֶךְ־יַרְמוּת֙ מֶֽלֶךְ־לָכִ֣ישׁ מֶֽלֶךְ־עֶגְל֔וֹן הֵ֖ם וְכָל־מַֽחֲנֵיהֶ֑ם וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ עַל־גִּבְע֔וֹן וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ עָלֶֽיהָ׃ [Joshua 10:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.10.5/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:225` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Joshua 10:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.224/) - next →: [Joshua 10:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.226/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 10:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.10.5/)