--- title: Joshua 10:6 (JPS 1917) — And the men of Gibeon sent unto Joshua to the camp to Gilgal, saying… · tree and pragmatics description: And the men of Gibeon sent unto Joshua to the camp to Gilgal, saying: 'Slack not thy hands from thy servants; come up to us quickly, and save us, and help us; for all the kings of the Amorites that dwell in the hill-country are gathered together against us.' Who acts: men, Amorites. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, Amorites), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JOS:226 # text = And the men of Gibeon sent unto Joshua to the camp to Gilgal, saying: 'Slack not thy hands from thy servants; come up to us quickly, and save us, and help us; for all the kings of the Amorites that dwell in the hill-country are gathered together against us.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Gibeon Gibeon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 sent send VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 unto unto ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 Joshua Joshua PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 9 to to ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 camp camp NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 12 to to ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 Gilgal Gilgal PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 15 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 advcl _ _ 16 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 17 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ _ 18 Slack slack VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 15 ccomp _ _ 19 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 18 advmod _ _ 20 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 hands hand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obj _ _ 22 from from ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 24 nmod:poss _ _ 24 servants servant NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obl _ _ 25 ; ; PUNCT : _ 26 punct _ _ 26 come come VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 18 parataxis _ _ 27 up up ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 28 to to ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ _ 30 quickly quickly ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 save save VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 34 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 33 obj _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 37 help help VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 38 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 37 obj _ _ 39 ; ; PUNCT : _ 55 punct _ _ 40 for for SCONJ IN _ 55 mark _ _ 41 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 43 det:predet _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 kings king NOUN NNS Number=Plur 55 nsubj:pass _ _ 44 of of ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 45 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 46 Amorites amorite PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 43 nmod _ _ 47 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 48 nsubj _ _ 48 dwell dwell VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 46 acl:relcl _ _ 49 in in ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 50 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 51 hill hill NOUN NN Number=Sing 53 compound _ _ 52 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 51 punct _ _ 53 country country NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 obl _ _ 54 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 55 aux:pass _ _ 55 gathered gather VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 26 parataxis _ _ 56 together together ADV RB _ 55 advmod _ _ 57 against against ADP IN _ 58 case _ _ 58 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 55 obl _ _ 59 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ 60 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **send** | past | the men of Gibeon | | | the camp to Gilgal | | unto Joshua | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to camp=Destination | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the men of Gibeon *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **not** **slack** | infinitive | | thy hands | | thy servants | | | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent hand=Patient | | 4 | **come up** | infinitive | | | us | | | quickly *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to we=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **save** | infinitive | | us | | | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme | | 6 | **help** | infinitive | | | us | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary | | 7 | **dwell** | present | the Amorites | | | the hill country | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in country=Location | | 8 | **gather** | present · passive | | all kings of the Amorites | | | | against us; together *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּשְׁלְח֣וּ אַנְשֵׁי֩ גִבְע֨וֹן אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁ֤עַ אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶה֙ הַגִּלְגָּ֣לָה לֵאמֹ֔ר אַל־תֶּ֥רֶף יָדֶ֖יךָ מֵֽעֲבָדֶ֑יךָ עֲלֵ֧ה אֵלֵ֣ינוּ מְהֵרָ֗ה וְהוֹשִׁ֤יעָה לָּ֙נוּ֙ וְעָזְרֵ֔נוּ כִּ֚י נִקְבְּצ֣וּ אֵלֵ֔ינוּ כָּל־מַלְכֵ֥י הָאֱמֹרִ֖י יֹשְׁבֵ֥י הָהָֽר׃ [Joshua 10:6: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.10.6/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:226` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Joshua 10:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.225/) - next →: [Joshua 10:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.227/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 10:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.10.6/)