---
title: Joshua 10:13 (JPS 1917) — And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the nation had a… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the nation had avenged themselves of their enemies. Who acts: sun, moon, nation. Joshua 10:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.233/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/10/) / [10:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.10.13/) / JPS 1

# Joshua 10:13 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 3

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the nation had avenged themselves of their enemies.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sun, moon, nation · **What happens:** stand, stay, avenge · **To what, where:** Amorites

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 10:13 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 3 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, moon, nation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:233
# text = And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the nation had avenged themselves of their enemies.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	still	still	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	moon	moon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	stayed	stay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	nation	nation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	avenged	avenge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
17	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	16	obj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | the sun |  |  |  | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stay** | past | the moon |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **avenge** | past · perfect | the nation | Amorites *= amorite* |  |  |  | of Amorites's enemies | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּדֹּ֨ם הַשֶּׁ֜מֶשׁ וְיָרֵ֣חַ עָמָ֗ד עַד־יִקֹּ֥ם גּוֹי֙ אֹֽיְבָ֔יו הֲלֹא־הִ֥יא כְתוּבָ֖ה עַל־סֵ֣פֶר הַיָּשָׁ֑ר וַיַּעֲמֹ֤ד הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ בַּחֲצִ֣י הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְלֹא־אָ֥ץ לָב֖וֹא כְּי֥וֹם תָּמִֽים׃

[Joshua 10:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.10.13/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **And the sun stood still, and the moon stayed, until the nation had avenged themselves of their enemies.**
2. [Is not this written in the book of Jashar?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.234/)
3. [And the sun stayed in the midst of heaven, and hasted not to go down about a whole day.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.235/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:233` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Joshua 10:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.232/)
- next →: [Joshua 10:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.234/)
- ↑ back to [Joshua 10:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.10.13/)