---
title: Joshua 10:17 (JPS 1917) — And it was told Joshua, saying: 'The five kings are found, hidden in… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it was told Joshua, saying: 'The five kings are found, hidden in the cave at Makkedah.' Joshua 10:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.239/)

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# Joshua 10:17 · JPS 1917

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And it was told Joshua, saying: 'The five kings are found, hidden in the cave at Makkedah.'

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**What happens:** tell, say, find, hide · **To what, where:** cave, Joshua, five kings · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Joshua 10:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:239
# text = And it was told Joshua, saying: 'The five kings are found, hidden in the cave at Makkedah.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	told	tell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	Joshua	Joshua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	iobj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
9	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	_
10	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	ccomp	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	hidden	hide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	at	at	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Makkedah	Makkedah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
23	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past · passive |  | cave | Joshua |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient joshua=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **find** | present · passive |  | the five kings |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 4 | **hide** | participle |  |  |  | the cave at Makkedah |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in cave=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֻּגַּ֖ד לִיהוֹשֻׁ֣עַ לֵאמֹ֑ר נִמְצְאוּ֙ חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת הַמְּלָכִ֔ים נֶחְבְּאִ֥ים בַּמְּעָרָ֖ה בְּמַקֵּדָֽה׃

[Joshua 10:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.10.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:239` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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