---
title: Joshua 10:24 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass, when they brought forth those kings unto Joshua… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass, when they brought forth those kings unto Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said unto the chiefs of the men of war that went with him: 'Come near, put your feet upon the necks of these kings.' And they came near, and put their feet upon the necks of them. 
---

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# Joshua 10:24 · JPS 1917

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And it came to pass, when they brought forth those kings unto Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said unto the chiefs of the men of war that went with him: 'Come near, put your feet upon the necks of these kings.' And they came near, and put their feet upon the necks of them.

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**Who acts:** people, Joshua, men · **What happens:** come, pass, bring, call, say, go · **To what, where:** cave, kings, feet, necks · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Joshua 10:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, Joshua, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:246
# text = And it came to pass, when they brought forth those kings unto Joshua, that Joshua called for all the men of Israel, and said unto the chiefs of the men of war that went with him: 'Come near, put your feet upon the necks of these kings.' And they came near, and put their feet upon the necks of them.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
10	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	12	det	_	_
12	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
13	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Joshua	Joshua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
17	Joshua	Joshua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
19	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	22	det:predet	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
28	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nmod	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
36	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	37	nsubj	_	_
37	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	acl:relcl	_	_
38	with	with	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	obl	_	_
40	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	42	punct	_	_
41	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	42	punct	_	_
42	Come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	ccomp	_	_
43	near	near	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
45	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	42	conj	_	_
46	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Number=Plur|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	47	nmod:poss	_	_
47	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	obj	_	_
48	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
50	necks	neck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	obl	_	_
51	of	of	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	53	det	_	_
53	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	50	nmod	_	_
54	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	42	punct	_	_
55	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	42	punct	_	_
56	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	58	cc	_	_
57	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	58	nsubj	_	_
58	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
59	near	near	ADV	RB	_	58	advmod	_	_
60	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	62	punct	_	_
61	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	62	cc	_	_
62	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	58	conj	_	_
63	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	64	nmod:poss	_	_
64	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	62	obj	_	_
65	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	67	case	_	_
66	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	67	det	_	_
67	necks	neck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	62	obl	_	_
68	of	of	ADP	IN	_	69	case	_	_
69	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	67	nmod	_	_
70	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past |  | cave |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **bring** | past | people |  | that kings |  |  | unto Joshua; forth *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument king=Destination |
| 4 | **call** | past | Joshua |  |  |  |  | for all men of Israel | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S\_INF»: agent=Agent for man=Recipient |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Joshua *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto the chiefs of the men of war | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **go** | past | the men of war |  |  |  |  | with Joshua | vn help-72.1-2 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent with he=Beneficiary |
| 7 | **come** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | near *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 8 | **put** | infinitive |  | your feet |  | the necks of this kings |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent foot=Theme upon neck=Destination |
| 9 | **come** | past | people |  |  |  |  | near *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 10 | **put** | past | people *not said here* | people's feet |  | the necks of people |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent foot=Theme upon neck=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַ֠יְהִי כְּֽהוֹצִיאָ֞ם אֶת־הַמְּלָכִ֣ים הָאֵלֶּה֮ אֶל־יְהוֹשֻׁעַ֒ וַיִּקְרָ֨א יְהוֹשֻׁ֜עַ אֶל־כָּל־אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַ֠יֹּאמֶר אֶל־קְצִינֵ֞י אַנְשֵׁ֤י הַמִּלְחָמָה֙ הֶהָלְכ֣וּא אִתּ֔וֹ קִרְב֗וּ שִׂ֚ימוּ אֶת־רַגְלֵיכֶ֔ם עַֽל־צַוְּארֵ֖י הַמְּלָכִ֣ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַֽיִּקְרְב֔וּ וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ אֶת־רַגְלֵיהֶ֖ם עַל־צַוְּארֵיהֶֽם׃

[Joshua 10:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.10.24/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:246` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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