---
title: Joshua 10:32 (JPS 1917) — And the LORD delivered Lachish into the hand of Israel, and he took… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the LORD delivered Lachish into the hand of Israel, and he took it on the second day, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and all the souls that were therein, according to all that he had done to Libnah. Who acts: LORD, souls. Joshua 10:32 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# Joshua 10:32 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the LORD delivered Lachish into the hand of Israel, and he took it on the second day, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and all the souls that were therein, according to all that he had done to Libnah.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD, souls · **What happens:** deliver, take, smote, be, accord, do · **To what, where:** Lachish, hand, death, Libnah

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 10:32 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, souls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:254
# text = And the LORD delivered Lachish into the hand of Israel, and he took it on the second day, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and all the souls that were therein, according to all that he had done to Libnah.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	delivered	deliver	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	Lachish	Lachish	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	19	amod	_	_
19	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	smote	smote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	with	with	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
32	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	34	det:predet	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	souls	soul	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	conj	_	_
35	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	37	nsubj	_	_
36	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	37	cop	_	_
37	therein	therein	ADV	RB	_	34	acl:relcl	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
39	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	41	case	_	_
40	to	to	ADP	IN	_	39	fixed	_	_
41	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	22	obl	_	_
42	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	45	obj	_	_
43	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	nsubj	_	_
44	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	45	aux	_	_
45	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	41	acl:relcl	_	_
46	to	to	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	Libnah	Libnah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	45	obl	_	_
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deliver** | past | the LORD | Lachish |  | the hand of Israel |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lachish=Patient |
| 2 | **take** | past | LORD | death |  |  | day |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **smote** | past | LORD *not said here* | death |  |  |  | with the edge of the sword; accord all | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | past | all souls |  |  |  |  | therein *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **do** | past · perfect | LORD |  | Libnah |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּתֵּן֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֶת־לָכִ֜ישׁ בְּיַ֣ד יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וַֽיִּלְכְּדָהּ֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשֵּׁנִ֔י וַיַּכֶּ֣הָ לְפִי־חֶ֔רֶב וְאֶת־כָּל־הַנֶּ֖פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֑הּ כְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֖ה לְלִבְנָֽה׃פ

[Joshua 10:32: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.10.32/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:254` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Joshua 10:31 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.253/)
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