---
title: Joshua 11:4 (JPS 1917) — And they went out, they and all their hosts with them, much people,… · tree and pragmatics
description: And they went out, they and all their hosts with them, much people, even as the sand that is upon the sea-shore in multitude, with horses and chariots very many. Who acts: country, sand. Joshua 11:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Joshua 11:4 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they went out, they and all their hosts with them, much people, even as the sand that is upon the sea-shore in multitude, with horses and chariots very many.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** country, sand · **What happens:** go out, be · **To what, where:** multitude

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 11:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (country, sand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:269
# text = And they went out, they and all their hosts with them, much people, even as the sand that is upon the sea-shore in multitude, with horses and chariots very many.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	appos	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	hosts	host	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	parataxis	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	even	even	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
18	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	27	nsubj	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
23	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
25	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	compound	_	_
26	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	25	punct	_	_
27	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	acl:relcl	_	_
28	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	multitude	multitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	chariots	chariot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	conj	_	_
35	very	very	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
36	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	advmod	_	_
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go out** | past | country |  |  |  |  | with east; with horses and chariots; out *property* | vn interact-36.6 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with they=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | the sand |  |  | multitude |  | upon the sea shore | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֵּצְא֣וּ הֵ֗ם וְכָל־מַֽחֲנֵיהֶם֙ עִמָּ֔ם עַם־רָ֕ב כַּח֛וֹל אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל־שְׂפַת־הַיָּ֖ם לָרֹ֑ב וְס֥וּס וָרֶ֖כֶב רַב־מְאֹֽד׃

[Joshua 11:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.11.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:269` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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