--- title: Joshua 12:2 (JPS 1917) — Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aro… · tree and pragmatics description: Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of Arnon, and the middle of the valley, and half Gilead, even unto the river Jabbok, the border of the children of Ammon; Who acts: Amorites, Aroer. Joshua 12:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.291/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/12/) / [12:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.12.2/) / JPS 1 # Joshua 12:2 · JPS 1917 Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of Arnon, and the middle of the valley, and half Gilead, even unto the river Jabbok, the border of the children of Ammon; **Who acts:** Amorites, Aroer · **What happens:** dwell, rule, be · **To what, where:** Heshbon, Aroer, edge This is Joshua 12:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Amorites, Aroer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JOS:291 # text = Sihon king of the Amorites, who dwelt in Heshbon, and ruled from Aroer, which is on the edge of the valley of Arnon, and the middle of the valley, and half Gilead, even unto the river Jabbok, the border of the children of Ammon; 1 Sihon Sihon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 flat _ _ 2 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 Amorites Amorite PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 8 dwelt dwell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 Heshbon Heshbon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 ruled rule VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 conj _ _ 14 from from ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 Aroer Aroer PROPN NNP Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 17 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 21 nsubj _ _ 18 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 cop _ _ 19 on on ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 edge edge NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 acl:relcl _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 valley valley NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 Arnon Arnon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 middle middle NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 conj _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 valley valley NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 nmod _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 36 half half NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nmod:unmarked _ _ 37 Gilead Gilead PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 39 even even ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 40 unto unto ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nmod _ _ 43 Jabbok Jabbok PROPN NNP Number=Sing 42 appos _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 45 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 46 border border NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 appos _ _ 47 of of ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 49 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 nmod _ _ 50 of of ADP IN _ 51 case _ _ 51 Ammon Ammon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 49 nmod _ _ 52 ; ; PUNCT : _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **dwell** | past | the Amorites | | | Heshbon | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in heshbon=Location | | 2 | **rule** | past | the Amorites *not said here* | | | Aroer and the middle of the valley | | | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is** | present | Aroer and the middle of the valley | | | the edge | | of the valley of Arnon | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} סִיחוֹן֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ הָאֱמֹרִ֔י הַיּוֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּחֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן מֹשֵׁ֡ל מֵעֲרוֹעֵ֡ר אֲשֶׁר֩ עַל־שְׂפַת־נַ֨חַל אַרְנ֜וֹן וְת֤וֹךְ הַנַּ֙חַל֙ וַחֲצִ֣י הַגִּלְעָ֔ד וְעַד֙ יַבֹּ֣ק הַנַּ֔חַל גְּב֖וּל בְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן׃ [Joshua 12:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.12.2/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:291` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Joshua 12:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.290/) - next →: [Joshua 12:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.292/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 12:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.12.2/)