---
title: Joshua 1:4 (JPS 1917) — From the wilderness, and this Lebanon, even unto the great river, th… · tree and pragmatics
description: From the wilderness, and this Lebanon, even unto the great river, the river Euphrates, all the land of the Hittites, and unto the Great Sea toward the going down of the sun, shall be your border. Joshua 1:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Joshua 1:4 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
From the wilderness, and this Lebanon, even unto the great river, the river Euphrates, all the land of the Hittites, and unto the Great Sea toward the going down of the sun, shall be your border.

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**What happens:** be · **To what, where:** border

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This is Joshua 1:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:3
# text = From the wilderness, and this Lebanon, even unto the great river, the river Euphrates, all the land of the Hittites, and unto the Great Sea toward the going down of the sun, shall be your border.
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	Lebanon	Lebanon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	even	even	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
10	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	conj	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
17	Euphrates	Euphrates	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	21	det:predet	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	Hittites	hittite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
27	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	Great	Great	PROPN	NNP	_	30	flat	_	_
30	Sea	Sea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	_
31	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	going	go	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	_
34	down	down	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
39	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	42	aux	_	_
40	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	42	cop	_	_
41	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	42	nmod:poss	_	_
42	border	border	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	42	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | shall |  | your border |  |  |  | unto the Great Sea toward the going of the sun and the great river from the wilderness and this Lebanon | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
מֵהַמִּדְבָּר֩ וְהַלְּבָנ֨וֹן הַזֶּ֜ה וְֽעַד־הַנָּהָ֧ר הַגָּד֣וֹל נְהַר־פְּרָ֗ת כֹּ֚ל אֶ֣רֶץ הַֽחִתִּ֔ים וְעַד־הַיָּ֥ם הַגָּד֖וֹל מְב֣וֹא הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ יִֽהְיֶ֖ה גְּבוּלְכֶֽם׃

[Joshua 1:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.1.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:3` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Joshua 1:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.2/)
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