---
title: Joshua 13:16 (JPS 1917) — And their border was from Aroer, that is on the edge of the valley o… · tree and pragmatics
description: And their border was from Aroer, that is on the edge of the valley of Arnon, and the city that is in the middle of the valley, and all the table-land by Medeba; Who acts: border, Aroer, city. Joshua 13:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.330/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/13/) / [13:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.13.16/) / JPS 1

# Joshua 13:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And their border was from Aroer, that is on the edge of the valley of Arnon, and the city that is in the middle of the valley, and all the table-land by Medeba;

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** border, Aroer, city · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** Aroer, edge, middle

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 13:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (border, Aroer, city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:330
# text = And their border was from Aroer, that is on the edge of the valley of Arnon, and the city that is in the middle of the valley, and all the table-land by Medeba;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	border	border	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Aroer	Aroer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	acl:relcl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Arnon	Arnon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
22	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	acl:relcl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	valley	valley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
32	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	36	det:predet	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
34	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
35	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	34	punct	_	_
36	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
37	by	by	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	Medeba	Medeba	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	nmod	_	_
39	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | tribes's border |  |  | Aroer and the city and all table land by Medeba |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | Aroer and the city and all table land by Medeba |  |  | the edge |  | of the valley of Arnon | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | the city and all table land by Medeba |  |  | the middle |  | of the valley | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְהִ֨י לָהֶ֜ם הַגְּב֗וּל מֵעֲרוֹעֵ֡ר אֲשֶׁר֩ עַל־שְׂפַת־נַ֨חַל אַרְנ֜וֹן וְהָעִ֨יר אֲשֶׁ֧ר בְּתוֹךְ־הַנַּ֛חַל וְכָל־הַמִּישֹׁ֖ר עַל־מֵידְבָֽא׃

[Joshua 13:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.13.16/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:330` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Joshua 13:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.329/)
- next →: [Joshua 13:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.331/)
- ↑ back to [Joshua 13:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.13.16/)