---
title: Joshua 15:4 (JPS 1917) — And it passed along to Azmon, and went out at the Brook of Egypt; an… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it passed along to Azmon, and went out at the Brook of Egypt; and the goings out of the border were at the sea; this shall be your south border. Who acts: border, goings, this. Joshua 15:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Joshua 15:4 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it passed along to Azmon, and went out at the Brook of Egypt; and the goings out of the border were at the sea; this shall be your south border.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** border, goings, this · **What happens:** pass along, go out, be · **To what, where:** Azmon, Brook, sea, south border

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 15:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (border, goings, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:368
# text = And it passed along to Azmon, and went out at the Brook of Egypt; and the goings out of the border were at the sea; this shall be your south border.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	along	along	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Azmon	Azmon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	out	out	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Brook	Brook	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	goings	going	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
20	out	out	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	border	border	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
24	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
25	at	at	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
28	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
29	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	34	nsubj	_	_
30	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
31	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	cop	_	_
32	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
33	south	south	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
34	border	border	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass along** | past | border |  |  | Azmon |  | along *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to azmon=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **go out** | past | border *not said here* |  |  | the Brook of Egypt |  | out *property* | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | past | the goings out the border |  |  | the sea |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is a** | shall | this | your south border |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְעָבַ֣ר עַצְמ֗וֹנָה וְיָצָא֙ נַ֣חַל מִצְרַ֔יִם וְהָי֛וּ תֹּצְא֥וֹת הַגְּב֖וּל יָ֑מָּה זֶה־יִהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶ֖ם גְּב֥וּל נֶֽגֶב׃

[Joshua 15:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.15.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:368` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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