--- title: Joshua 18:3 (JPS 1917) — And Joshua said unto the children of Israel: 'How long are ye slack… · tree and pragmatics description: And Joshua said unto the children of Israel: 'How long are ye slack to go in to possess the land, which the LORD, the God of your fathers, hath given you? Who acts: Joshua, ye, LORD. Joshua 18:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.462/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/18/) / [18:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.18.3/) / JPS 1 # Joshua 18:3 · JPS 1917 And Joshua said unto the children of Israel: 'How long are ye slack to go in to possess the land, which the LORD, the God of your fathers, hath given you? **Who acts:** Joshua, ye, LORD · **What happens:** say, be, go in, possess, give · **To what, where:** land, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Joshua 18:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua, ye, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JOS:462 # text = And Joshua said unto the children of Israel: 'How long are ye slack to go in to possess the land, which the LORD, the God of your fathers, hath given you? 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Joshua Joshua PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 9 : : PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 10 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 15 punct _ _ 11 How how ADV WRB PronType=Int 12 advmod _ _ 12 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 15 advmod _ _ 13 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 14 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 15 nsubj _ _ 15 slack slack ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 ccomp _ _ 16 to to PART TO _ 17 mark _ _ 17 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 15 xcomp _ _ 18 in in ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 19 to to PART TO _ 20 mark _ _ 20 possess possess VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 advcl _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 24 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 35 obj _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 nsubj _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 appos _ _ 30 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ _ 32 fathers father NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 nmod _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 34 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 35 given give VERB VBN Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 22 acl:relcl _ _ 36 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 35 iobj _ _ 37 ? ? PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Joshua | | | | | unto the children of Israel | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | present | ye | | | | | long, slack *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **go in** | to-infinitive | ye *not said here* | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **possess** | to-infinitive | ye *not said here* | the land | | | | | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot land=Theme | | 5 | **give** | present · perfect | the LORD | the land | you | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient which=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל עַד־אָ֙נָה֙ אַתֶּ֣ם מִתְרַפִּ֔ים לָבוֹא֙ לָרֶ֣שֶׁת אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֙ נָתַ֣ן לָכֶ֔ם יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבֽוֹתֵיכֶֽם׃ [Joshua 18:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.18.3/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:462` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Joshua 18:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.461/) - next →: [Joshua 18:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.463/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 18:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.18.3/)