---
title: Joshua 21:2 (JPS 1917) — and they spoke unto them at Shiloh in the land of Canaan, saying: 'T… · tree and pragmatics
description: and they spoke unto them at Shiloh in the land of Canaan, saying: 'The LORD commanded by the hand of Moses to give us cities to dwell in, with the open land thereabout for our cattle.' Who acts: heads, LORD. Joshua 21:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Joshua 21:2 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and they spoke unto them at Shiloh in the land of Canaan, saying: 'The LORD commanded by the hand of Moses to give us cities to dwell in, with the open land thereabout for our cattle.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** heads, LORD · **What happens:** speak, say, command, give, dwell · **To what, where:** Shiloh, cities, us · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 21:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heads, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:553
# text = and they spoke unto them at Shiloh in the land of Canaan, saying: 'The LORD commanded by the hand of Moses to give us cities to dwell in, with the open land thereabout for our cattle.'
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Shiloh	Shiloh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Canaan	Canaan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
16	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	_
17	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	ccomp	_	_
20	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	xcomp	_	_
27	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	iobj	_	_
28	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obj	_	_
29	to	to	PART	TO	_	30	mark	_	_
30	dwell	dwell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	advcl	_	_
31	in	in	ADV	RB	_	30	advmod	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
33	with	with	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
37	thereabout	thereabout	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
38	for	for	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obl	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
42	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | heads *= head* |  |  | Shiloh |  | unto Eleazar; in the land of Canaan | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | heads *= head* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **command** | past | the LORD |  |  |  |  | by the hand of Moses | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **give** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the LORD *not said here* | cities | us |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient city=Theme |
| 5 | **dwell** | to-infinitive | the LORD *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the open land; for our cattle | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with land=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְדַבְּר֨וּ אֲלֵיהֶ֜ם בְּשִׁלֹ֗ה בְּאֶ֤רֶץ כְּנַ֙עַן֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר יְהוָה֙ צִוָּ֣ה בְיַד־מֹשֶׁ֔ה לָֽתֶת־לָ֥נוּ עָרִ֖ים לָשָׁ֑בֶת וּמִגְרְשֵׁיהֶ֖ן לִבְהֶמְתֵּֽנוּ׃

[Joshua 21:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.21.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:553` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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