---
title: Joshua 21:12 (JPS 1917) — But the fields of the city, and the villages thereof, gave they to C… · tree and pragmatics
description: But the fields of the city, and the villages thereof, gave they to Caleb the son of Jephunneh for his possession. Who acts: cities, Jephunneh. Joshua 21:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Joshua 21:12 · JPS 1917

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But the fields of the city, and the villages thereof, gave they to Caleb the son of Jephunneh for his possession.

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**Who acts:** cities, Jephunneh · **What happens:** give, possess · **To what, where:** fields, Caleb

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This is Joshua 21:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cities, Jephunneh), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:563
# text = But the fields of the city, and the villages thereof, gave they to Caleb the son of Jephunneh for his possession.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	villages	village	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
11	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Caleb	Caleb	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Jephunneh	Jephunneh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	possession	possession	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | cities *= city* | the fields of the city and the villages | Caleb |  |  | for Jephunneh's possession | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.asset»: agent=Agent field=Theme to caleb=Recipient for possession=Asset |
| 2 | **possess** |  | Jephunneh |  |  |  |  |  | nom possession «act transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְאֶת־שְׂדֵ֥ה הָעִ֖יר וְאֶת־חֲצֵרֶ֑יהָ נָֽתְנ֛וּ לְכָלֵ֥ב בֶּן־יְפֻנֶּ֖ה בַּאֲחֻזָּתֽוֹ׃ס

[Joshua 21:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.21.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:563` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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