--- title: Joshua 3:17 (JPS 1917) — And the priests that bore the ark of the covenant of the LORD stood… · tree and pragmatics description: And the priests that bore the ark of the covenant of the LORD stood firm on dry ground in the midst of the Jordan, while all Israel passed over on dry ground, until all the nation were passed clean over the Jordan. Who acts: priests, Israel, LORD. Joshua 3:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.59/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/3/) / [3:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.17/) / JPS 1 # Joshua 3:17 · JPS 1917 And the priests that bore the ark of the covenant of the LORD stood firm on dry ground in the midst of the Jordan, while all Israel passed over on dry ground, until all the nation were passed clean over the Jordan. **Who acts:** priests, Israel, LORD · **What happens:** bear, stand, pass over, pass, covenant · **To what, where:** ark, dry ground, nation, Jordan This is Joshua 3:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (priests, Israel, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JOS:59 # text = And the priests that bore the ark of the covenant of the LORD stood firm on dry ground in the midst of the Jordan, while all Israel passed over on dry ground, until all the nation were passed clean over the Jordan. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 priests priest NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ _ 4 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 5 nsubj _ _ 5 bore bear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 ark ark NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 covenant covenant NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 14 stood stand VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 15 firm firm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 xcomp _ _ 16 on on ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 19 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 midst midst NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 Jordan Jordan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 26 while while SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 27 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 28 det _ _ 28 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 29 passed pass VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 advcl _ _ 30 over over ADP RP _ 29 compound:prt _ _ 31 on on ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 amod _ _ 33 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 35 until until SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 36 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 38 det:predet _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 nation nation NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 nsubj:pass _ _ 39 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 aux:pass _ _ 40 passed pass VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 29 advcl _ _ 41 clean clean ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 xcomp _ _ 42 over over ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 Jordan Jordan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 40 obl _ _ 45 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **bear** | past | the priests | the ark of the covenant of the LORD | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ark=Patient | | 2 | **stand** | past | the priests | | | dry ground | | in the midst of the Jordan; firm *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on ground=Location | | 3 | **pass over** | past | all Israel | | | dry ground | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on ground=Location | | 4 | **pass** | past · passive | | all nation | | the Jordan | | clean *property* | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme over jordan=Destination | | 5 | **covenant** | | the LORD | | | | | | nom covenant «communication intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיַּעַמְד֣וּ הַכֹּהֲנִ֡ים נֹ֠שְׂאֵי הָאָר֨וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֜ה בֶּחָֽרָבָ֛ה בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן הָכֵ֑ן וְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל עֹֽבְרִים֙ בֶּחָ֣רָבָ֔ה עַ֤ד אֲשֶׁר־תַּ֙מּוּ֙ כָּל־הַגּ֔וֹי לַעֲבֹ֖ר אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּֽן׃ [Joshua 3:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.17/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:59` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Joshua 3:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.58/) - next →: [Joshua 4:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.60/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 3:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.3.17/)