---
title: Joshua 22:8 (JPS 1917) — and spoke unto them, saying: 'Return with much wealth unto your tent… · tree and pragmatics
description: and spoke unto them, saying: 'Return with much wealth unto your tents, and with very much cattle, with silver, and with gold, and with brass, and with iron, and with very much raiment; divide the spoil of your enemies with your brethren.' Joshua 22:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the prag
---

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# Joshua 22:8 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and spoke unto them, saying: 'Return with much wealth unto your tents, and with very much cattle, with silver, and with gold, and with brass, and with iron, and with very much raiment; divide the spoil of your enemies with your brethren.'

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**What happens:** speak, say, return, divide, spoil · **To what, where:** spoil, enemies · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 22:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:605
# text = and spoke unto them, saying: 'Return with much wealth unto your tents, and with very much cattle, with silver, and with gold, and with brass, and with iron, and with very much raiment; divide the spoil of your enemies with your brethren.'
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	2	cc	_	_
2	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
9	Return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	wealth	wealth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	tents	tent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	very	very	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	with	with	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
31	with	with	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	brass	brass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
35	with	with	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	iron	iron	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	conj	_	_
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
39	with	with	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
40	very	very	ADV	RB	_	41	advmod	_	_
41	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	42	amod	_	_
42	raiment	raiment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	conj	_	_
43	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	44	punct	_	_
44	divide	divide	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obj	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	49	nmod:poss	_	_
49	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	nmod	_	_
50	with	with	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	52	nmod:poss	_	_
52	brethren	brethren	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	obl	_	_
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
54	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=request, polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past |  |  |  |  |  | unto heart | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **return** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with much wealth; unto your tents | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **divide** | infinitive |  | the spoil of your enemies |  |  |  | with your brethren | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent spoil=Patient with brethren=Instrument |
| 5 | **spoil** |  |  | your enemies |  |  |  |  | nom spoil «possession transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֜ם לֵאמֹ֗ר בִּנְכָסִ֨ים רַבִּ֜ים שׁ֤וּבוּ אֶל־אָֽהֳלֵיכֶם֙ וּבְמִקְנֶ֣ה רַב־מְאֹ֔ד בְּכֶ֨סֶף וּבְזָהָ֜ב וּבִנְחֹ֧שֶׁת וּבְבַרְזֶ֛ל וּבִשְׂלָמ֖וֹת הַרְבֵּ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד חִלְק֥וּ שְׁלַל־אֹיְבֵיכֶ֖ם עִם־אֲחֵיכֶֽם׃פ

[Joshua 22:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.22.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:605` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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