---
title: Joshua 22:20 (JPS 1917) — Did not Achan the son of Zerah commit a trespass concerning the devo… · tree and pragmatics
description: Did not Achan the son of Zerah commit a trespass concerning the devoted thing, and wrath fell upon all the congregation of Israel? and that man perished not alone in his iniquity.' Who acts: Achan, wrath, man. Joshua 22:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Joshua 22:20 · JPS 1917

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Did not Achan the son of Zerah commit a trespass concerning the devoted thing, and wrath fell upon all the congregation of Israel? and that man perished not alone in his iniquity.'

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**Who acts:** Achan, wrath, man · **What happens:** not commit, fall, perish · **To what, where:** trespass, congregation, iniquity

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 22:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Achan, wrath, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:617
# text = Did not Achan the son of Zerah commit a trespass concerning the devoted thing, and wrath fell upon all the congregation of Israel? and that man perished not alone in his iniquity.'
1	Did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
2	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
3	Achan	Achan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Zerah	Zerah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	commit	commit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	trespass	trespass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	concerning	concern	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	devoted	devoted	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	wrath	wrath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
19	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	22	det:predet	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	congregation	congregation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
27	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	28	det	_	_
28	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	perished	perish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
30	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	31	advmod	_	_
31	alone	alone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	xcomp	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	iniquity	iniquity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
36	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **commit** | past · do-support | Achan | a trespass |  |  |  | concern the devoted thing | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trespass=Theme |
| 2 | **fall** | past | wrath |  |  | all congregation of Israel |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon congregation=Location |
| 3 | **perish** | past | that man |  |  | man's iniquity |  | alone *property* | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
הֲל֣וֹא ׀ עָכָ֣ן בֶּן־זֶ֗רַח מָ֤עַל מַ֙עַל֙ בַּחֵ֔רֶם וְעַֽל־כָּל־עֲדַ֥ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הָ֣יָה קָ֑צֶף וְהוּא֙ אִ֣ישׁ אֶחָ֔ד לֹ֥א גָוַ֖ע בַּעֲוֺנֽוֹ׃פ

[Joshua 22:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.22.20/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:617` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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