---
title: Joshua 22:21 (JPS 1917) — Then the children of Reuben and the children of Gad and the half-tri… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the children of Reuben and the children of Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh answered, and spoke unto the heads of the thousands of Israel: Who acts: children. Joshua 22:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Joshua 22:21 · JPS 1917

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Then the children of Reuben and the children of Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh answered, and spoke unto the heads of the thousands of Israel:

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**Who acts:** children · **What happens:** answer, speak · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Joshua 22:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:618
# text = Then the children of Reuben and the children of Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh answered, and spoke unto the heads of the thousands of Israel:
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	18	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Reuben	Reuben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Gad	Gad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	15	compound	_	_
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	_
15	tribe	tribe	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Manasseh	Manasseh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	answered	answer	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
22	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	heads	head	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	thousands	thousand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
30	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | past | the children of Reuben and the children of Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh |  |  |  | then |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the children of Reuben and the children of Gad and the half tribe of Manasseh *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto the heads of the thousands of Israel | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַֽיַּעֲנוּ֙ בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵ֣ן וּבְנֵי־גָ֔ד וַחֲצִ֖י שֵׁ֣בֶט הַֽמְנַשֶּׁ֑ה וַֽיְדַבְּר֔וּ אֶת־רָאשֵׁ֖י אַלְפֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

[Joshua 22:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.22.21/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:618` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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