---
title: Joshua 22:31 (JPS 1917) — And Phinehas the son of Eleazar the priest said unto the children of… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Phinehas the son of Eleazar the priest said unto the children of Reuben, and to the children of Gad, and to the children of Manasseh: 'This day we know that the LORD is in the midst of us, because ye have not committed this treachery against the LORD; now have ye delivered the children of Israel
---

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# Joshua 22:31 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Phinehas the son of Eleazar the priest said unto the children of Reuben, and to the children of Gad, and to the children of Manasseh: 'This day we know that the LORD is in the midst of us, because ye have not committed this treachery against the LORD; now have ye delivered the children of Israel out of the hand of the LORD.'

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**Who acts:** Phinehas, we, LORD, ye · **What happens:** say, know, be, not commit, deliver · **To what, where:** midst, treachery, children, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Joshua 22:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Phinehas, we, LORD, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:628
# text = And Phinehas the son of Eleazar the priest said unto the children of Reuben, and to the children of Gad, and to the children of Manasseh: 'This day we know that the LORD is in the midst of us, because ye have not committed this treachery against the LORD; now have ye delivered the children of Israel out of the hand of the LORD.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	Phinehas	Phinehas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Eleazar	Eleazar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Reuben	Reuben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	Gad	Gad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	Manasseh	Manasseh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
29	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
30	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	34	punct	_	_
31	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	32	det	_	_
32	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl:unmarked	_	_
33	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
34	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
35	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	41	mark	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	nsubj	_	_
38	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	cop	_	_
39	in	in	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	midst	midst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	ccomp	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	41	nmod	_	_
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
45	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	49	mark	_	_
46	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	49	nsubj	_	_
47	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	49	aux	_	_
48	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	49	advmod	_	_
49	committed	commit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	34	advcl	_	_
50	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	51	det	_	_
51	treachery	treachery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obj	_	_
52	against	against	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
54	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	49	obl	_	_
55	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	59	punct	_	_
56	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	59	advmod	_	_
57	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	59	aux	_	_
58	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	59	nsubj	_	_
59	delivered	deliver	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	9	parataxis	_	_
60	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	61	det	_	_
61	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	59	obj	_	_
62	of	of	ADP	IN	_	63	case	_	_
63	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	61	nmod	_	_
64	out	out	ADP	IN	_	67	case	_	_
65	of	of	ADP	IN	_	67	case	_	_
66	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	67	det	_	_
67	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	obl	_	_
68	of	of	ADP	IN	_	70	case	_	_
69	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	70	det	_	_
70	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	67	nmod	_	_
71	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
72	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert, polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Phinehas |  |  |  |  | unto the children of Reuben and the children of Gad and the children of Manasseh | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **know** | present | we |  |  |  | day |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is** | present | the LORD |  |  | the midst |  | of us | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **commit** | present · perfect | ye | this treachery |  |  |  | against the LORD | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent treachery=Theme |
| 5 | **deliver** | present · perfect | ye | the children of Israel |  | the hand of the LORD | now |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent child=Theme out hand=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר פִּֽינְחָ֣ס בֶּן־אֶלְעָזָ֣ר הַכֹּהֵ֡ן אֶל־בְּנֵי־רְאוּבֵ֨ן וְאֶל־בְּנֵי־גָ֜ד וְאֶל־בְּנֵ֣י מְנַשֶּׁ֗ה הַיּ֤וֹם ׀ יָדַ֙עְנוּ֙ כִּֽי־בְתוֹכֵ֣נוּ יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹֽא־מְעַלְתֶּ֥ם בַּֽיהוָ֖ה הַמַּ֣עַל הַזֶּ֑ה אָ֗ז הִצַּלְתֶּ֛ם אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִיַּ֥ד יְהוָֽה׃

[Joshua 22:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.22.31/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:628` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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