--- title: Joshua 4:5 (JPS 1917) — and Joshua said unto them: 'Pass on before the ark of the LORD your… · tree and pragmatics description: and Joshua said unto them: 'Pass on before the ark of the LORD your God into the midst of the Jordan, and take you up every man of you a stone upon his shoulder, according unto the number of the tribes of the children of Israel; Who acts: Joshua. Joshua 4:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.64/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/4/) / [4:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.4.5/) / JPS 1 # Joshua 4:5 · JPS 1917 and Joshua said unto them: 'Pass on before the ark of the LORD your God into the midst of the Jordan, and take you up every man of you a stone upon his shoulder, according unto the number of the tribes of the children of Israel; **Who acts:** Joshua · **What happens:** say, pass on, take up, accord · **To what, where:** midst, man, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Joshua 4:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JOS:64 # text = and Joshua said unto them: 'Pass on before the ark of the LORD your God into the midst of the Jordan, and take you up every man of you a stone upon his shoulder, according unto the number of the tribes of the children of Israel; 1 and and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Joshua Joshua PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obl _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 7 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 8 punct _ _ 8 Pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 ccomp _ _ 9 on on ADP RP _ 8 compound:prt _ _ 10 before before ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 ark ark NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 16 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 17 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 appos _ _ 18 into into ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 midst midst NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 21 of of ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 Jordan Jordan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 nmod _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 conj _ _ 27 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 26 iobj _ _ 28 up up ADP RP _ 26 compound:prt _ _ 29 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 30 det _ _ 30 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 nmod _ _ 33 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 stone stone NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obj _ _ 35 upon upon ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ _ 37 shoulder shoulder NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nmod _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 39 according accord VERB VBG ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 42 case _ _ 40 unto unto ADP IN _ 39 fixed _ _ 41 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 number number NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 43 of of ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 tribes tribe NOUN NNS Number=Plur 42 nmod _ _ 46 of of ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 45 nmod _ _ 49 of of ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 50 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 48 nmod _ _ 51 ; ; PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=character, act=request | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Joshua | | | | | unto men *= man* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **pass on** | infinitive | | | | the midst of the Jordan | before the ark of the LORD | | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **take up** | infinitive | | every man of you | you | | | accord the number of the tribes of the children of Israel | tree rules | | 4 | **accord** | gerund | | | | | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לָהֶם֙ יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ עִ֠בְרוּ לִפְנֵ֨י אֲר֧וֹן יְהוָ֛ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֖ם אֶל־תּ֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן וְהָרִ֨ימוּ לָכֶ֜ם אִ֣ישׁ אֶ֤בֶן אַחַת֙ עַל־שִׁכְמ֔וֹ לְמִסְפַּ֖ר שִׁבְטֵ֥י בְנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [Joshua 4:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.4.5/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:64` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Joshua 4:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.63/) - next →: [Joshua 4:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.65/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 4:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.4.5/)