--- title: Joshua 4:7 (JPS 1917) — then ye shall say unto them: Because the waters of the Jordan were c… · tree and pragmatics description: then ye shall say unto them: Because the waters of the Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the LORD; when it passed over the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan were cut off; and these stones shall be for a memorial unto the children of Israel for ever.' Who acts: ye, ark, stones, LOR --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.66/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/4/) / [4:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.4.7/) / JPS 1 # Joshua 4:7 · JPS 1917 then ye shall say unto them: Because the waters of the Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the LORD; when it passed over the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan were cut off; and these stones shall be for a memorial unto the children of Israel for ever.' **Who acts:** ye, ark, stones, LORD · **What happens:** say, cut off, pass, be, covenant · **To what, where:** waters, Jordan · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Joshua 4:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, ark, stones, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JOS:66 # text = then ye shall say unto them: Because the waters of the Jordan were cut off before the ark of the covenant of the LORD; when it passed over the Jordan, the waters of the Jordan were cut off; and these stones shall be for a memorial unto the children of Israel for ever.' 1 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 4 advmod _ _ 2 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 4 nsubj _ _ 3 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 say say VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 obl _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 8 Because because SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 waters water NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj:pass _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 Jordan Jordan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _ 14 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux:pass _ _ 15 cut cut VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 advcl _ _ 16 off off ADP RP _ 15 compound:prt _ _ 17 before before ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 ark ark NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 20 of of ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 covenant covenant NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nmod _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 26 ; ; PUNCT : _ 40 punct _ _ 27 when when SCONJ WRB _ 29 mark _ _ 28 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 29 passed pass VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 advcl _ _ 30 over over ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 Jordan Jordan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 waters water NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 nsubj:pass _ _ 36 of of ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 Jordan Jordan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 35 nmod _ _ 39 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 40 aux:pass _ _ 40 cut cut VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 15 conj _ _ 41 off off ADP RP _ 40 compound:prt _ _ 42 ; ; PUNCT : _ 50 punct _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 50 cc _ _ 44 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 45 det _ _ 45 stones stone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 50 nsubj _ _ 46 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 50 aux _ _ 47 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 50 cop _ _ 48 for for ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 memorial memorial NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 conj _ _ 51 unto unto ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 52 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 53 det _ _ 53 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 50 nmod _ _ 54 of of ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 55 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 53 nmod _ _ 56 for for ADP IN _ 57 fixed _ _ 57 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 50 advmod _ _ 58 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ 59 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | shall | ye | | | | then | unto stones *= stone* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **cut off** | past · passive | | the waters of the Jordan | | | before the ark of the covenant of the LORD | | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality | | 3 | **pass** | past | ark | | | the Jordan | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over jordan=Location | | 4 | **cut off** | past · passive | | the waters of the Jordan | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality | | 5 | **is** | shall | this stones | | | | ever | for a memorial; unto the children of Israel | tree rules | | 6 | **covenant** | | the LORD | | | | | | nom covenant «communication intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַאֲמַרְתֶּ֣ם לָהֶ֗ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִכְרְת֜וּ מֵימֵ֤י הַיַּרְדֵּן֙ מִפְּנֵי֙ אֲר֣וֹן בְּרִית־יְהוָ֔ה בְּעָבְרוֹ֙ בַּיַּרְדֵּ֔ן נִכְרְת֖וּ מֵ֣י הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן וְ֠הָיוּ הָאֲבָנִ֨ים הָאֵ֧לֶּה לְזִכָּר֛וֹן לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃ [Joshua 4:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.4.7/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:66` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Joshua 4:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.65/) - next →: [Joshua 4:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.67/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 4:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.4.7/)