---
title: Joshua 24:13 (JPS 1917) — And I gave you a land whereon thou hadst not laboured, and cities wh… · tree and pragmatics
description: And I gave you a land whereon thou hadst not laboured, and cities which ye built not, and ye dwell therein; of vineyards and olive-yards which ye planted not do ye eat. Who acts: I, thou, ye. Joshua 24:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Joshua 24:13 · JPS 1917

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And I gave you a land whereon thou hadst not laboured, and cities which ye built not, and ye dwell therein; of vineyards and olive-yards which ye planted not do ye eat.

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**Who acts:** I, thou, ye · **What happens:** give, not labour, not build, dwell, not plant, eat · **To what, where:** land, you, cities, vineyards

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 24:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, thou, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:660
# text = And I gave you a land whereon thou hadst not laboured, and cities which ye built not, and ye dwell therein; of vineyards and olive-yards which ye planted not do ye eat.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	iobj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	whereon	whereon	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	_
8	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nsubj	_	_
9	hadst	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	laboured	labour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	acl:relcl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	obj	_	_
16	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	nsubj	_	_
17	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	acl:relcl	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	22	nsubj	_	_
22	dwell	dwell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
23	therein	therein	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	37	punct	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	vineyards	vineyard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obl	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
28	olive	olive	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	compound	_	_
29	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	28	punct	_	_
30	yards	yard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	conj	_	_
31	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	33	obj	_	_
32	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	33	nsubj	_	_
33	planted	plant	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	acl:relcl	_	_
34	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	33	advmod	_	_
35	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
36	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	37	nsubj	_	_
37	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | I | a land and cities | you |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient land=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **labour** | past · perfect | thou |  |  |  |  | whereon *property* | vn work-73.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **build** | past | ye | cities |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset which=Product |
| 4 | **dwell** | present | ye |  |  |  |  | therein *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **not** **plant** | past | ye | vineyards and olive yards |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Patient |
| 6 | **eat** | present · do-support | ye |  |  |  |  | of vineyards and olive yards | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent of vineyard=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וָאֶתֵּ֨ן לָכֶ֜ם אֶ֣רֶץ ׀ אֲשֶׁ֧ר לֹֽא־יָגַ֣עְתָּ בָּ֗הּ וְעָרִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־בְנִיתֶ֔ם וַתֵּשְׁב֖וּ בָּהֶ֑ם כְּרָמִ֤ים וְזֵיתִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא־נְטַעְתֶּ֔ם אַתֶּ֖ם אֹכְלִֽים׃

[Joshua 24:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:660` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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