--- title: Joshua 24:31 (JPS 1917) — And Israel served the LORD all the days of Joshua, and all the days… · tree and pragmatics description: And Israel served the LORD all the days of Joshua, and all the days of the elders that outlived Joshua, and had known all the work of the LORD, that He had wrought for Israel. Who acts: Israel, elders, Joshua, LORD. Joshua 24:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.678/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/24/) / [24:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.31/) / JPS 1 # Joshua 24:31 · JPS 1917 And Israel served the LORD all the days of Joshua, and all the days of the elders that outlived Joshua, and had known all the work of the LORD, that He had wrought for Israel. **Who acts:** Israel, elders, Joshua, LORD · **What happens:** serve, outlive, know, wrought, work · **To what, where:** LORD, Joshua, work This is Joshua 24:31 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Israel, elders, Joshua, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JOS:678 # text = And Israel served the LORD all the days of Joshua, and all the days of the elders that outlived Joshua, and had known all the work of the LORD, that He had wrought for Israel. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 served serve VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 8 det:predet _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl:unmarked _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 Joshua Joshua PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 13 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 15 det:predet _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 elders elder NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nmod _ _ 19 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 20 nsubj _ _ 20 outlived outlive VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 acl:relcl _ _ 21 Joshua Joshua PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 24 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 25 known know VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 20 conj _ _ 26 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 28 det:predet _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 28 work work NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 29 of of ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 nmod _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 33 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 36 obj _ _ 34 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 35 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 36 aux _ _ 36 wrought wrought VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 28 acl:relcl _ _ 37 for for ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **serve** | past | Israel | the LORD | | | day | | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lord=Attribute | | 2 | **outlive** | past | the elders | Joshua | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **know** | past · perfect | the elders *not said here* | all work of the LORD | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer work=Stimulus | | 4 | **wrought** | past · perfect | Joshua | all work of the LORD | | | | for Israel | tree rules | | 5 | **work** | | the LORD | | | | | | nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ד יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֔ה כֹּ֖ל יְמֵ֣י יְהוֹשֻׁ֑עַ וְכֹ֣ל ׀ יְמֵ֣י הַזְּקֵנִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֨ר הֶאֱרִ֤יכוּ יָמִים֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י יְהוֹשֻׁ֔עַ וַאֲשֶׁ֣ר יָדְע֗וּ אֵ֚ת כָּל־מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֖ה לְיִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [Joshua 24:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.31/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:678` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Joshua 24:30 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.677/) - next →: [Joshua 24:32 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.679/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 24:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.24.31/)