--- title: Joshua 4:9 (JPS 1917) — Joshua also set up twelve stones in the midst of the Jordan, in the… · tree and pragmatics description: Joshua also set up twelve stones in the midst of the Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests that bore the ark of the covenant stood; and they are there unto this day. Who acts: Joshua, feet, stones. Joshua 4:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.68/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/4/) / [4:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.4.9/) / JPS 1 # Joshua 4:9 · JPS 1917 Joshua also set up twelve stones in the midst of the Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests that bore the ark of the covenant stood; and they are there unto this day. **Who acts:** Joshua, feet, stones · **What happens:** set up, bear, stand, be · **To what, where:** twelve stones, midst, ark This is Joshua 4:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joshua, feet, stones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:JOS:68 # text = Joshua also set up twelve stones in the midst of the Jordan, in the place where the feet of the priests that bore the ark of the covenant stood; and they are there unto this day. 1 Joshua Joshua PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 2 also also ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 3 set set VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 up up ADP RP _ 3 compound:prt _ _ 5 twelve twelve NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 6 nummod _ _ 6 stones stone NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 midst midst NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 Jordan Jordan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 14 in in ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 17 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 30 advmod _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 feet foot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 20 of of ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 priests priest NOUN NNS Number=Plur 19 nmod _ _ 23 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 24 nsubj _ _ 24 bore bear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 acl:relcl _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 ark ark NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 27 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 covenant covenant NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nmod _ _ 30 stood stand VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 acl:relcl _ _ 31 ; ; PUNCT : _ 35 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 33 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nsubj _ _ 34 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 cop _ _ 35 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 3 conj _ _ 36 unto unto ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 38 det _ _ 38 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 39 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **set up** | past | Joshua | twelve stones | | the midst of the Jordan | | in the place | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent stone=Theme in midst=Destination | | 2 | **bear** | past | the feet of the priests | the ark of the covenant | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ark=Patient | | 3 | **stand** | past | the feet of the priests | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is** | present | stones *= stone* | | | | day | there *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וּשְׁתֵּ֧ים עֶשְׂרֵ֣ה אֲבָנִ֗ים הֵקִ֣ים יְהוֹשֻׁעַ֮ בְּת֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּן֒ תַּ֗חַת מַצַּב֙ רַגְלֵ֣י הַכֹּהֲנִ֔ים נֹשְׂאֵ֖י אֲר֣וֹן הַבְּרִ֑ית וַיִּ֣הְיוּ שָׁ֔ם עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה׃ [Joshua 4:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.4.9/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:68` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Joshua 4:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.67/) - next →: [Joshua 4:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.69/) - ↑ back to [Joshua 4:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.4.9/)