---
title: Joshua 4:10 (JPS 1917) — And the priests that bore the ark stood in the midst of the Jordan,… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the priests that bore the ark stood in the midst of the Jordan, until every thing was finished that the LORD commanded Joshua to speak unto the people, according to all that Moses commanded Joshua; and the people hastened and passed over. Who acts: priests, LORD, Moses, people. Joshua 4:10 in JP
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.69/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Joshua](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS/4/) / [4:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.4.10/) / JPS 1

# Joshua 4:10 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the priests that bore the ark stood in the midst of the Jordan, until every thing was finished that the LORD commanded Joshua to speak unto the people, according to all that Moses commanded Joshua; and the people hastened and passed over.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** priests, LORD, Moses, people · **What happens:** bear, stand, finish, command, speak, accord · **To what, where:** ark, midst, thing, Joshua · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 4:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (priests, LORD, Moses, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:69
# text = And the priests that bore the ark stood in the midst of the Jordan, until every thing was finished that the LORD commanded Joshua to speak unto the people, according to all that Moses commanded Joshua; and the people hastened and passed over.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	priests	priest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	bore	bear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ark	ark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	midst	midst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	Jordan	Jordan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
17	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	det	_	_
18	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	finished	finish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	advcl	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	24	obj	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
24	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	acl:relcl	_	_
25	Joshua	Joshua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	iobj	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
27	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	xcomp	_	_
28	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obl	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
32	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	34	case	_	_
33	to	to	ADP	IN	_	32	fixed	_	_
34	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	27	obl	_	_
35	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	37	obj	_	_
36	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	nsubj	_	_
37	commanded	command	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	acl:relcl	_	_
38	Joshua	Joshua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	_
39	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	43	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	nsubj	_	_
43	hastened	hasten	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
45	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	43	conj	_	_
46	over	over	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bear** | past | the priests | the ark |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ark=Patient |
| 2 | **stand** | past | the priests |  |  | the midst of the Jordan |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in midst=Location |
| 3 | **finish** | past · passive |  | every thing |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
| 4 | **command** | past | the LORD | every thing | Joshua |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **speak** *speech: other* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the LORD *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto the people; accord all | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **command** | past | Moses | Joshua |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 8 | **hasten** | past | the people |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 9 | **pass over** | past | the people *not said here* |  |  |  |  | over *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְהַכֹּהֲנִ֞ים נֹשְׂאֵ֣י הָאָר֗וֹן עֹמְדִים֮ בְּת֣וֹךְ הַיַּרְדֵּן֒ עַ֣ד תֹּ֣ם כָּֽל־הַ֠דָּבָר אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֨ה יְהוָ֤ה אֶת־יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ לְדַבֵּ֣ר אֶל־הָעָ֔ם כְּכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֥ה מֹשֶׁ֖ה אֶת־יְהוֹשֻׁ֑עַ וַיְמַהֲר֥וּ הָעָ֖ם וַֽיַּעֲבֹֽרוּ׃

[Joshua 4:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.4.10/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:69` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Joshua 4:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.68/)
- next →: [Joshua 4:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/JOS.70/)
- ↑ back to [Joshua 4:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.4.10/)