---
title: Joshua 5:4 (JPS 1917) — And this is the cause why Joshua did circumcise: all the people that… · tree and pragmatics
description: And this is the cause why Joshua did circumcise: all the people that came forth out of Egypt, that were males, even all the men of war, died in the wilderness by the way, after they came forth out of Egypt. Who acts: this, Joshua, people. Joshua 5:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# Joshua 5:4 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And this is the cause why Joshua did circumcise: all the people that came forth out of Egypt, that were males, even all the men of war, died in the wilderness by the way, after they came forth out of Egypt.

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**Who acts:** this, Joshua, people · **What happens:** be, circumcise, come, die · **To what, where:** cause, Egypt, males

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Joshua 5:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, Joshua, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:JOS:87
# text = And this is the cause why Joshua did circumcise: all the people that came forth out of Egypt, that were males, even all the men of war, died in the wilderness by the way, after they came forth out of Egypt.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
7	Joshua	Joshua	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	circumcise	circumcise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	13	det:predet	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nsubj	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	out	out	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
22	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
23	males	male	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	acl:relcl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	even	even	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
26	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	28	det:predet	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	appos	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
32	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
36	by	by	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
40	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	42	mark	_	_
41	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	42	nsubj	_	_
42	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	advcl	_	_
43	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
44	out	out	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	of	of	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	_
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | this | the cause |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **circumcise** | past · do-support | Joshua |  |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **come** | past | all people |  |  | Egypt |  | forth *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme out egypt=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **is a** | past | all people | males |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **die** | past | all people |  |  |  |  | by the way; in the wilderness | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in wilderness=Attribute |
| 6 | **come** | past | people |  |  | Egypt |  | forth *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme out egypt=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְזֶ֥ה הַדָּבָ֖ר אֲשֶׁר־מָ֣ל יְהוֹשֻׁ֑עַ כָּל־הָעָ֣ם הַיֹּצֵא֩ מִמִּצְרַ֨יִם הַזְּכָרִ֜ים כֹּ֣ל ׀ אַנְשֵׁ֣י הַמִּלְחָמָ֗ה מֵ֤תוּ בַמִּדְבָּר֙ בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ בְּצֵאתָ֖ם מִמִּצְרָֽיִם׃

[Joshua 5:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/JOS.5.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:JOS:87` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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