--- title: Malachi 1:13 (JPS 1917) — Ye say also: 'Behold, what a weariness is it!' and ye have snuffed a… · tree and pragmatics description: Ye say also: 'Behold, what a weariness is it!' and ye have snuffed at it, saith the LORD of hosts; and ye have brought that which was taken by violence, and the lame, and the sick; thus ye bring the offering; should I accept this of your hand? saith the LORD. Who acts: Ye, weariness, LORD, violence. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Malachi](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/1/) / [1:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.1.13/) / JPS 1 # Malachi 1:13 · JPS 1917 Ye say also: 'Behold, what a weariness is it!' and ye have snuffed at it, saith the LORD of hosts; and ye have brought that which was taken by violence, and the lame, and the sick; thus ye bring the offering; should I accept this of your hand? saith the LORD. **Who acts:** Ye, weariness, LORD, violence, I · **What happens:** say, be, snuff, bring, take, accept · **To what, where:** weariness, that, offering, this · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Malachi 1:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ye, weariness, LORD, violence), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:MAL:18 # text = Ye say also: 'Behold, what a weariness is it!' and ye have snuffed at it, saith the LORD of hosts; and ye have brought that which was taken by violence, and the lame, and the sick; thus ye bring the offering; should I accept this of your hand? saith the LORD. 1 Ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 2 nsubj _ _ 2 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 also also ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 2 punct _ _ 5 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 8 punct _ _ 6 Behold behold INTJ UH _ 8 discourse _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 8 what what PRON WP PronType=Rel 2 ccomp _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 weariness weariness NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 11 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 12 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ _ 13 ! ! PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ 14 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 8 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 16 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 18 nsubj _ _ 17 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 18 snuffed snuff VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 conj _ _ 19 at at ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obl _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nmod _ _ 27 ; ; PUNCT : _ 31 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 29 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 31 nsubj _ _ 30 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 31 aux _ _ 31 brought bring VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 22 conj _ _ 32 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 31 obj _ _ 33 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 35 nsubj:pass _ _ 34 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 35 aux:pass _ _ 35 taken take VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 32 acl:relcl _ _ 36 by by ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 violence violence NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 39 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 lame lame ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 conj _ _ 42 , , PUNCT , _ 45 punct _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 sick sick ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 conj _ _ 46 ; ; PUNCT : _ 49 punct _ _ 47 thus thus ADV RB _ 49 advmod _ _ 48 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 49 nsubj _ _ 49 bring bring VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 parataxis _ _ 50 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 51 offering offering NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 obj _ _ 52 ; ; PUNCT : _ 55 punct _ _ 53 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 55 aux _ _ 54 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 55 nsubj _ _ 55 accept accept VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 parataxis _ _ 56 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 55 obj _ _ 57 of of ADP IN _ 59 case _ _ 58 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 59 nmod:poss _ _ 59 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 55 obl _ _ 60 ? ? PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ 61 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 62 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 63 det _ _ 63 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 61 nsubj _ _ 64 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: exclamation - act: express - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Ye | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is a** | present | a weariness | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **snuff** | present · perfect | ye | | | weariness | | | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD of hosts | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **bring** | present · perfect | ye | that | | | | | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent that=Theme | | 6 | **take** | past · passive | violence | | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | | 7 | **bring** | infinitive | ye | the offering | | | | thus *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent offering=Theme | | 8 | **accept** | should | I | this | | | | of your hand | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Theme | | 9 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַאֲמַרְתֶּם֩ הִנֵּ֨ה מַתְּלָאָ֜ה וְהִפַּחְתֶּ֣ם אוֹת֗וֹ אָמַר֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת וַהֲבֵאתֶ֣ם גָּז֗וּל וְאֶת־הַפִּסֵּ֙חַ֙ וְאֶת־הַ֣חוֹלֶ֔ה וַהֲבֵאתֶ֖ם אֶת־הַמִּנְחָ֑ה הַאֶרְצֶ֥ה אוֹתָ֛הּ מִיֶּדְכֶ֖ם אָמַ֥ר יְהוָֽה׃ס [Malachi 1:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.1.13/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:MAL:18` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Malachi 1:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.17/) - next →: [Malachi 1:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.19/) - ↑ back to [Malachi 1:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.1.13/)