---
title: Malachi 2:4 (JPS 1917) — Know then that I have sent this commandment unto you, that My covena… · tree and pragmatics
description: Know then that I have sent this commandment unto you, that My covenant might be with Levi, saith the LORD of hosts. Who acts: you, I, covenant, LORD. Malachi 2:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Malachi 2:4 · JPS 1917

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Know then that I have sent this commandment unto you, that My covenant might be with Levi, saith the LORD of hosts.

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**Who acts:** you, I, covenant, LORD, My · **What happens:** know, send, be, say, covenant · **To what, where:** commandment · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Malachi 2:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, I, covenant, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:MAL:23
# text = Know then that I have sent this commandment unto you, that My covenant might be with Levi, saith the LORD of hosts.
1	Know	know	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	1	advmod	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	1	ccomp	_	_
7	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	commandment	commandment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
13	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	covenant	covenant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
15	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
16	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	cop	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Levi	Levi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	advcl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
20	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	hosts	host	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- hedged: yes
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  | then |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **send** | present · perfect | I | this commandment |  |  |  | unto you | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent commandment=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | might | My covenant |  |  |  |  | with Levi | tree rules |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD of hosts |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **covenant** |  | My |  |  |  |  |  | nom covenant «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וִֽידַעְתֶּ֕ם כִּ֚י שִׁלַּ֣חְתִּי אֲלֵיכֶ֔ם אֵ֖ת הַמִּצְוָ֣ה הַזֹּ֑את לִֽהְי֤וֹת בְּרִיתִי֙ אֶת־לֵוִ֔י אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃

[Malachi 2:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.2.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:MAL:23` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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