--- title: Malachi 2:8 (JPS 1917) — But ye are turned aside out of the way; ye have caused many to stumb… · tree and pragmatics description: But ye are turned aside out of the way; ye have caused many to stumble in the law; ye have corrupted the covenant of Levi, saith the LORD of hosts. Who acts: ye, many, LORD, Levi. Malachi 2:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.27/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Malachi](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/2/) / [2:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.2.8/) / JPS 1 # Malachi 2:8 · JPS 1917 But ye are turned aside out of the way; ye have caused many to stumble in the law; ye have corrupted the covenant of Levi, saith the LORD of hosts. **Who acts:** ye, many, LORD, Levi · **What happens:** turn, cause, stumble, corrupt, say, covenant · **To what, where:** ye, way, many, law, covenant · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Malachi 2:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, many, LORD, Levi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:MAL:27 # text = But ye are turned aside out of the way; ye have caused many to stumble in the law; ye have corrupted the covenant of Levi, saith the LORD of hosts. 1 But but CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 turned turn VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 aside aside ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 6 out out ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 6 fixed _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 10 ; ; PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 11 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 13 nsubj _ _ 12 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 caused cause VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 conj _ _ 14 many many PRON NN Number=Plur|PronType=Ind 13 obj _ _ 15 to to PART TO _ 16 mark _ _ 16 stumble stumble VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 13 xcomp _ _ 17 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 law law NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT : _ 23 punct _ _ 21 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 23 nsubj _ _ 22 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 23 corrupted corrupt VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 conj _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 covenant covenant NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 Levi Levi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 29 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 parataxis _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 nmod _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **turn** | present · passive | | ye | | the way | | aside *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme out way=Trajectory | | 2 | **cause** | present · perfect | ye | many | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **stumble** | to-infinitive | many *not said here* | | | the law | | | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in law=Trajectory | | 4 | **corrupt** | present · perfect | ye | the covenant of Levi | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent covenant=Patient | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD of hosts | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **covenant** | | Levi | | | | | | nom covenant «communication intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְאַתֶּם֙ סַרְתֶּ֣ם מִן־הַדֶּ֔רֶךְ הִכְשַׁלְתֶּ֥ם רַבִּ֖ים בַּתּוֹרָ֑ה שִֽׁחַתֶּם֙ בְּרִ֣ית הַלֵּוִ֔י אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃ [Malachi 2:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.2.8/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:MAL:27` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Malachi 2:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.26/) - next →: [Malachi 2:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.28/) - ↑ back to [Malachi 2:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.2.8/)