--- title: Malachi 2:16 (JPS 1917) — For I hate putting away, saith the LORD, the God of Israel, and him… · tree and pragmatics description: For I hate putting away, saith the LORD, the God of Israel, and him that covereth his garment with violence, saith the LORD of hosts; therefore take heed to your spirit, that ye deal not treacherously. Who acts: I, LORD, ye. Malachi 2:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.39/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Malachi](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/2/) / [2:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.2.16/) / JPS 1 # Malachi 2:16 · JPS 1917 For I hate putting away, saith the LORD, the God of Israel, and him that covereth his garment with violence, saith the LORD of hosts; therefore take heed to your spirit, that ye deal not treacherously. **Who acts:** I, LORD, ye · **What happens:** hate, put away, say, cover, take, not deal · **To what, where:** garment, heed, spirit · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Malachi 2:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, LORD, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:MAL:39 # text = For I hate putting away, saith the LORD, the God of Israel, and him that covereth his garment with violence, saith the LORD of hosts; therefore take heed to your spirit, that ye deal not treacherously. 1 For for SCONJ IN _ 3 mark _ _ 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 hate hate VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 advcl _ _ 4 putting put VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 xcomp _ _ 5 away away ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 7 saith say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 parataxis _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 appos _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 conj _ _ 18 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 19 nsubj _ _ 19 covereth cover VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 acl:relcl _ _ 20 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 garment garment NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obj _ _ 22 with with ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 violence violence NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 25 saith say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nmod _ _ 30 ; ; PUNCT : _ 32 punct _ _ 31 therefore therefore ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ _ 32 take take VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 25 parataxis _ _ 33 heed heed NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 34 to to ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ _ 36 spirit spirit NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 38 that that SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 39 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 40 nsubj _ _ 40 deal deal VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 advcl _ _ 41 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 40 advmod _ _ 42 treacherously treacherously ADV RB _ 40 advmod _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 25 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: narrator - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **hate** | present | I | | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 2 | **put away** *not said to happen* | gerund | I *not said here* | | | | | away *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the LORD | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **cover** | present | | God's garment | | | | with violence | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent garment=Destination with violence=Theme | | 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the LORD of hosts | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **take** | infinitive | | heed | | your spirit | | therefore *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent heed=Theme to spirit=Destination | | 7 | **not** **deal** | present | ye | | | | | treacherously *property* | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כִּֽי־שָׂנֵ֣א שַׁלַּ֗ח אָמַ֤ר יְהוָה֙ אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְכִסָּ֤ה חָמָס֙ עַל־לְבוּשׁ֔וֹ אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֑וֹת וְנִשְׁמַרְתֶּ֥ם בְּרוּחֲכֶ֖ם וְלֹ֥א תִבְגֹּֽדוּ׃ס [Malachi 2:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.2.16/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:MAL:39` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Malachi 2:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.38/) - next →: [Malachi 2:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.40/) - ↑ back to [Malachi 2:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.2.16/)