--- title: Malachi 3:1 (JPS 1917) — Behold, I send My messenger, and he shall clear the way before Me; a… · tree and pragmatics description: Behold, I send My messenger, and he shall clear the way before Me; and the Lord, whom ye seek, will suddenly come to His temple, and the messenger of the covenant, whom ye delight in, behold, he cometh, saith the LORD of hosts. Who acts: I, he, ye, Lord. Malachi 3:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.42/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Malachi](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/3/) / [3:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.1/) / JPS 1 # Malachi 3:1 · JPS 1917 Behold, I send My messenger, and he shall clear the way before Me; and the Lord, whom ye seek, will suddenly come to His temple, and the messenger of the covenant, whom ye delight in, behold, he cometh, saith the LORD of hosts. **Who acts:** I, he, ye, Lord, messenger · **What happens:** send, clear, seek, come, delight, say · **To what, where:** messenger, way, Lord, temple · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Malachi 3:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, he, ye, Lord), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:MAL:42 # text = Behold, I send My messenger, and he shall clear the way before Me; and the Lord, whom ye seek, will suddenly come to His temple, and the messenger of the covenant, whom ye delight in, behold, he cometh, saith the LORD of hosts. 1 Behold behold INTJ UH _ 4 discourse _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 4 send send VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 My my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 messenger messenger NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 9 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 10 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 11 clear clear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 14 before before ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 Me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 obl _ _ 16 ; ; PUNCT : _ 27 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 Lord Lord PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 nsubj _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 21 whom whom PRON WP PronType=Rel 23 obj _ _ 22 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 23 nsubj _ _ 23 seek seek VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 acl:relcl _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 25 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 26 suddenly suddenly ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 conj _ _ 28 to to ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 29 His his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 30 nmod:poss _ _ 30 temple temple NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 messenger messenger NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 nsubj _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 covenant covenant NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 nmod _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 39 whom whom PRON WP PronType=Rel 41 obl _ _ 40 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 41 nsubj _ _ 41 delight delight VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 acl:relcl _ _ 42 in in ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 43 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 44 behold behold INTJ UH _ 47 discourse _ _ 45 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 46 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 47 nsubj _ _ 47 cometh come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 49 ccomp _ _ 48 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 49 saith say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 50 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 51 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 49 nsubj _ _ 52 of of ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 53 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 51 nmod _ _ 54 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **send** | present | I | My messenger | | | | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent messenger=Theme | | 2 | **clear** | shall | he | the way | | | before Me | | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent way=Source | | 3 | **seek** | present | ye | the Lord | | | | | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whom=Theme | | 4 | **come** | future | the Lord | | | Lord's temple | | suddenly *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to temple=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **delight** | present | ye | | | the messenger of the covenant | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | | 6 | **come** | present | messenger | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the messenger of the covenant | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} הִנְנִ֤י שֹׁלֵחַ֙ מַלְאָכִ֔י וּפִנָּה־דֶ֖רֶךְ לְפָנָ֑י וּפִתְאֹם֩ יָב֨וֹא אֶל־הֵיכָל֜וֹ הָאָד֣וֹן ׀ אֲשֶׁר־אַתֶּ֣ם מְבַקְשִׁ֗ים וּמַלְאַ֨ךְ הַבְּרִ֜ית אֲשֶׁר־אַתֶּ֤ם חֲפֵצִים֙ הִנֵּה־בָ֔א אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃ [Malachi 3:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.1/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:MAL:42` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Malachi 2:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.41/) - next →: [Malachi 3:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.43/) - ↑ back to [Malachi 3:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.1/)