---
title: Malachi 3:3 (JPS 1917) — And he shall sit as a refiner and purifier of silver; and he shall p… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he shall sit as a refiner and purifier of silver; and he shall purify the sons of Levi, and purge them as gold and silver; and there shall be they that shall offer unto the LORD offerings in righteousness. Who acts: messenger, sons. Malachi 3:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# Malachi 3:3 · JPS 1917

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And he shall sit as a refiner and purifier of silver; and he shall purify the sons of Levi, and purge them as gold and silver; and there shall be they that shall offer unto the LORD offerings in righteousness.

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**Who acts:** messenger, sons · **What happens:** sit, purify, purge, be, offer · **To what, where:** sons, righteousness

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This is Malachi 3:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (messenger, sons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:MAL:46
# text = And he shall sit as a refiner and purifier of silver; and he shall purify the sons of Levi, and purge them as gold and silver; and there shall be they that shall offer unto the LORD offerings in righteousness.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	refiner	refiner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	purifier	purifier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	purify	purify	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Levi	Levi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	purge	purge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	_
24	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	_
25	as	as	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
29	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
31	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	33	expl	_	_
32	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
33	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
34	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
35	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	37	nsubj	_	_
36	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
37	offer	offer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	acl:relcl	_	_
38	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
40	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	41	compound	_	_
41	offerings	offering	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obl	_	_
42	in	in	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	righteousness	righteousness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
44	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | shall | messenger |  |  |  |  | as a refiner of silver and purifier | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **purify** | shall | messenger | the sons of Levi |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent son=Patient |
| 3 | **purge** | infinitive | messenger *not said here* | sons *= son* |  |  |  | as gold and silver | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent they=Source |
| 4 | **be** | shall | sons *= son* |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **offer** | shall |  |  |  | righteousness |  | unto the LORD offerings | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְיָשַׁ֨ב מְצָרֵ֤ף וּמְטַהֵר֙ כֶּ֔סֶף וְטִהַ֤ר אֶת־בְּנֵֽי־לֵוִי֙ וְזִקַּ֣ק אֹתָ֔ם כַּזָּהָ֖ב וְכַכָּ֑סֶף וְהָיוּ֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה מַגִּישֵׁ֥י מִנְחָ֖ה בִּצְדָקָֽה׃

[Malachi 3:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:MAL:46` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Malachi 3:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.45/)
- next →: [Malachi 3:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.47/)
- ↑ back to [Malachi 3:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.3/)