--- title: Malachi 3:14 (JPS 1917) — Ye have said: 'It is vain to serve God; and what profit is it that w… · tree and pragmatics description: Ye have said: 'It is vain to serve God; and what profit is it that we have kept His charge, and that we have walked mournfully because of the LORD of hosts? Who acts: Ye, we, God. Malachi 3:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.62/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Malachi](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/3/) / [3:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.14/) / JPS 1 # Malachi 3:14 · JPS 1917 Ye have said: 'It is vain to serve God; and what profit is it that we have kept His charge, and that we have walked mournfully because of the LORD of hosts? **Who acts:** Ye, we, God · **What happens:** say, be, serve, keep, walk, charge · **To what, where:** God, profit, charge · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Malachi 3:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ye, we, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:MAL:62 # text = Ye have said: 'It is vain to serve God; and what profit is it that we have kept His charge, and that we have walked mournfully because of the LORD of hosts? 1 Ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 3 nsubj _ _ 2 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 said say VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 5 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 8 punct _ _ 6 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 expl _ _ 7 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 8 vain vain ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 ccomp _ _ 9 to to PART TO _ 10 mark _ _ 10 serve serve VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 8 csubj _ _ 11 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 12 ; ; PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 14 what what PRON WDT PronType=Int 15 nsubj _ _ 15 profit profit NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 conj _ _ 16 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 cop _ _ 17 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 expl _ _ 18 that that SCONJ IN _ 21 mark _ _ 19 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 20 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 21 kept keep VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 15 csubj _ _ 22 His his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ _ 23 charge charge NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 26 that that SCONJ IN _ 29 mark _ _ 27 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 28 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 aux _ _ 29 walked walk VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 21 conj _ _ 30 mournfully mournfully ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 31 because because ADP IN ExtPos=ADP 34 case _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 31 fixed _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 29 obl _ _ 35 of of ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nmod _ _ 37 ? ? PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: changed form=decl, act=assert, polarity=neg | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · perfect | Ye | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | present | | | | | | vain *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **serve** | to-infinitive | | God | | | | | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent god=Attribute | | 4 | **is a** | present | | profit | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **keep** | present · perfect | we | God's charge | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent charge=Theme | | 6 | **walk** | present · perfect | we | | | | | because the LORD of hosts; mournfully *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **charge** | | God | | | | | | nom charge «act transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} אֲמַרְתֶּ֕ם שָׁ֖וְא עֲבֹ֣ד אֱלֹהִ֑ים וּמַה־בֶּ֗צַע כִּ֤י שָׁמַ֙רְנוּ֙ מִשְׁמַרְתּ֔וֹ וְכִ֤י הָלַ֙כְנוּ֙ קְדֹ֣רַנִּ֔ית מִפְּנֵ֖י יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃ [Malachi 3:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.14/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:MAL:62` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Malachi 3:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.61/) - next →: [Malachi 3:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.63/) - ↑ back to [Malachi 3:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.14/)