--- title: Malachi 3:16 (JPS 1917) — Then they that feared the LORD spoke one with another; and the LORD… · tree and pragmatics description: Then they that feared the LORD spoke one with another; and the LORD hearkened, and heard, and a book of remembrance was written before Him, for them that feared the LORD, and that thought upon His name. Who acts: hosts, LORD, that. Malachi 3:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.64/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Malachi](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/3/) / [3:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.16/) / JPS 1 # Malachi 3:16 · JPS 1917 Then they that feared the LORD spoke one with another; and the LORD hearkened, and heard, and a book of remembrance was written before Him, for them that feared the LORD, and that thought upon His name. **Who acts:** hosts, LORD, that · **What happens:** fear, speak, hearken, hear, write, think · **To what, where:** LORD, one, book · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Malachi 3:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hosts, LORD, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:MAL:64 # text = Then they that feared the LORD spoke one with another; and the LORD hearkened, and heard, and a book of remembrance was written before Him, for them that feared the LORD, and that thought upon His name. 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 7 advmod _ _ 2 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 3 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 4 nsubj _ _ 4 feared fear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 acl:relcl _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 spoke speak VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 one one PRON PRP Number=Sing|PronType=Prs 7 obl _ _ 9 with with ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 another another DET DT PronType=Ind 8 nmod _ _ 11 ; ; PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 15 hearkened hearken VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 heard hear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 book book NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj:pass _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 remembrance remembrance NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 25 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 aux:pass _ _ 26 written write VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 15 conj _ _ 27 before before ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 Him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 for for ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ _ 32 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 33 nsubj _ _ 33 feared fear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 acl:relcl _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 obj _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 39 punct _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 38 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 39 nsubj _ _ 39 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 conj _ _ 40 upon upon ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 His his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ _ 42 name name NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fear** | past | | the LORD | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lord=Stimulus | | 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | hosts *= host* | one | | | then | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **hearken** | past | the LORD | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **hear** | past | the LORD *not said here* | | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer | | 5 | **write** | past · passive | | a book of remembrance | | | before Lord | for hosts *= host* | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Result for they=Beneficiary | | 6 | **fear** | past | | the LORD | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lord=Stimulus | | 7 | **think** *speech: other* | past | that | | | | | upon Lord's name | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **name** | | Lord | | | | | | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} אָ֧ז נִדְבְּר֛וּ יִרְאֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה אִ֣ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֑הוּ וַיַּקְשֵׁ֤ב יְהוָה֙ וַיִּשְׁמָ֔ע וַ֠יִּכָּתֵב סֵ֣פֶר זִכָּר֤וֹן לְפָנָיו֙ לְיִרְאֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וּלְחֹשְׁבֵ֖י שְׁמֽוֹ׃ [Malachi 3:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.16/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:MAL:64` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Malachi 3:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.63/) - next →: [Malachi 3:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.65/) - ↑ back to [Malachi 3:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.16/)