--- title: Malachi 3:21 (JPS 1917) — And ye shall tread down the wicked; for they shall be ashes under th… · tree and pragmatics description: And ye shall tread down the wicked; for they shall be ashes under the soles of your feet in the day that I do make, saith the LORD of hosts. Who acts: ye, calves, I, LORD. Malachi 3:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.69/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Malachi](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL/3/) / [3:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.21/) / JPS 1 # Malachi 3:21 · JPS 1917 And ye shall tread down the wicked; for they shall be ashes under the soles of your feet in the day that I do make, saith the LORD of hosts. **Who acts:** ye, calves, I, LORD · **What happens:** tread down, be, make, say · **To what, where:** wicked, ashes, soles, day · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Malachi 3:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, calves, I, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:MAL:69 # text = And ye shall tread down the wicked; for they shall be ashes under the soles of your feet in the day that I do make, saith the LORD of hosts. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 4 nsubj _ _ 3 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 tread tread VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 down down ADP RP _ 4 compound:prt _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 wicked wicked NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 8 ; ; PUNCT : _ 13 punct _ _ 9 for for SCONJ IN _ 13 mark _ _ 10 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 11 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 12 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 13 cop _ _ 13 ashes ash NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 parataxis _ _ 14 under under ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 soles sole NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nmod _ _ 17 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 feet foot NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 nmod _ _ 20 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 23 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 26 obj _ _ 24 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 25 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 aux _ _ 26 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 acl:relcl _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 28 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 parataxis _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 30 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 31 of of ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 hosts host NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nmod _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert, polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **tread down** | shall | ye | the wicked | | | | | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location wicked=Theme | | 2 | **is a** | shall | calves *= calf* | ashes | | the soles of your feet | day | | tree rules | | 3 | **make** | present · do-support | I | the day | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Product | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD of hosts | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְעַסּוֹתֶ֣ם רְשָׁעִ֔ים כִּֽי־יִהְי֣וּ אֵ֔פֶר תַּ֖חַת כַּפּ֣וֹת רַגְלֵיכֶ֑ם בַּיּוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲנִ֣י עֹשֶׂ֔ה אָמַ֖ר יְהוָ֥ה צְבָאֽוֹת׃פ [Malachi 3:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.21/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:MAL:69` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Malachi 3:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.68/) - next →: [Malachi 3:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MAL.70/) - ↑ back to [Malachi 3:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MAL.3.21/)