--- title: Micah 2:3 (JPS 1917) — Therefore thus saith the LORD: Behold, against this family do I devi… · tree and pragmatics description: Therefore thus saith the LORD: Behold, against this family do I devise an evil, from which ye shall not remove your necks, neither shall ye walk upright; for it shall be an evil time. Who acts: LORD, I, ye, evil. Micah 2:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MIC.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [Micah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC/2/) / [2:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.2.3/) / JPS 1 # Micah 2:3 · JPS 1917 Therefore thus saith the LORD: Behold, against this family do I devise an evil, from which ye shall not remove your necks, neither shall ye walk upright; for it shall be an evil time. **Who acts:** LORD, I, ye, evil · **What happens:** say, devise, not remove, walk, be · **To what, where:** evil, necks, evil time · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Micah 2:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, I, ye, evil), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:MIC:21 # text = Therefore thus saith the LORD: Behold, against this family do I devise an evil, from which ye shall not remove your necks, neither shall ye walk upright; for it shall be an evil time. 1 Therefore therefore ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 2 thus thus ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 3 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 6 : : PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 7 Behold behold INTJ UH _ 14 discourse _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 9 against against ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 11 det _ _ 11 family family NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 12 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 13 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 devise devise VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 ccomp _ _ 15 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 evil evil NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 18 from from ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 23 obl _ _ 20 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 23 nsubj _ _ 21 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 22 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 23 advmod _ _ 23 remove remove VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 advcl _ _ 24 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ _ 25 necks neck NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obj _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 27 neither neither CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 30 cc _ _ 28 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 29 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 30 nsubj _ _ 30 walk walk VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 conj _ _ 31 upright upright ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 39 punct _ _ 33 for for SCONJ IN _ 39 mark _ _ 34 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ _ 35 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 39 aux _ _ 36 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 39 cop _ _ 37 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 38 evil evil ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 39 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 advcl _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: warn - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: changed act=warn | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD | | | | | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **devise** | present · do-support | I | a evil | | | | against this family; therefore *property* | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent evil=Patient | | 3 | **not** **remove** | shall | ye | your necks | | | | | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent neck=Theme from which=Source | | 4 | **walk** | shall | ye | | | | | upright *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **is a** | shall | evil | a evil time | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} לָכֵ֗ן כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנְנִ֥י חֹשֵׁ֛ב עַל־הַמִּשְׁפָּחָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את רָעָ֑ה אֲ֠שֶׁר לֹֽא־תָמִ֨ישׁוּ מִשָּׁ֜ם צַוְּארֹֽתֵיכֶ֗ם וְלֹ֤א תֵֽלְכוּ֙ רוֹמָ֔ה כִּ֛י עֵ֥ת רָעָ֖ה הִֽיא׃ [Micah 2:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.2.3/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:MIC:21` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Micah 2:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MIC.20/) - next →: [Micah 2:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MIC.22/) - ↑ back to [Micah 2:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.2.3/)