---
title: Micah 1:4 (JPS 1917) — And the mountains shall be molten under Him, and the valleys shall b… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the mountains shall be molten under Him, and the valleys shall be cleft, as wax before the fire, as waters that are poured down a steep place. Who acts: mountains, valleys. Micah 1:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Micah 1:4 · JPS 1917

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And the mountains shall be molten under Him, and the valleys shall be cleft, as wax before the fire, as waters that are poured down a steep place.

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**Who acts:** mountains, valleys · **What happens:** be, pour down · **To what, where:** waters

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This is Micah 1:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mountains, valleys), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:MIC:3
# text = And the mountains shall be molten under Him, and the valleys shall be cleft, as wax before the fire, as waters that are poured down a steep place.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
6	molten	molten	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	under	under	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	valleys	valley	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
13	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	cop	_	_
15	cleft	cleft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	wax	wax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	before	before	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	as	as	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
25	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
26	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	poured	pour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	acl:relcl	_	_
28	down	down	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	steep	steep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | shall | the mountains |  |  |  |  | under LORD; molten *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | shall | the valleys |  |  |  |  | as wax before the fire; as waters; cleft *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **pour down** | present · passive |  | waters |  |  |  | down a steep place | vn pour-9.5 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme place=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְנָמַ֤סּוּ הֶֽהָרִים֙ תַּחְתָּ֔יו וְהָעֲמָקִ֖ים יִתְבַּקָּ֑עוּ כַּדּוֹנַג֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י הָאֵ֔שׁ כְּמַ֖יִם מֻגָּרִ֥ים בְּמוֹרָֽד׃

[Micah 1:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.1.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:MIC:3` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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