---
title: Micah 3:6 (JPS 1917) — Therefore it shall be night unto you, that ye shall have no vision;… · tree and pragmatics
description: Therefore it shall be night unto you, that ye shall have no vision; and it shall be dark unto you, that ye shall not divine; and the sun shall go down upon the prophets, and the day shall be black over them. Who acts: thing, ye, sun, day. Micah 3:6 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# Micah 3:6 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Therefore it shall be night unto you, that ye shall have no vision; and it shall be dark unto you, that ye shall not divine; and the sun shall go down upon the prophets, and the day shall be black over them.

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**Who acts:** thing, ye, sun, day · **What happens:** be, have, not divine, go down · **To what, where:** night, vision, prophets

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Micah 3:6 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thing, ye, sun, day), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:MIC:41
# text = Therefore it shall be night unto you, that ye shall have no vision; and it shall be dark unto you, that ye shall not divine; and the sun shall go down upon the prophets, and the day shall be black over them.
1	Therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	cop	_	_
5	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nsubj	_	_
11	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
13	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	14	det	_	_
14	vision	vision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	cop	_	_
20	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
21	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
25	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	28	nsubj	_	_
26	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
27	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	28	advmod	_	_
28	divine	divine	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	advcl	_	_
29	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
33	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
35	down	down	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
36	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	prophets	prophet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	nsubj	_	_
43	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	45	aux	_	_
44	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	45	cop	_	_
45	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	conj	_	_
46	over	over	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	obl	_	_
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: warn
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character, act=warn

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | shall | thing | night |  |  |  | unto you; therefore *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | shall | ye | no vision |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vision=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | shall | thing |  |  |  |  | unto you; dark *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **divine** | shall | ye |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **go down** | shall | the sun |  |  | the prophets |  | down *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon prophet=Location |
| 6 | **is** | shall | the day |  |  |  |  | over prophets *= prophet*; black *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
לָכֵ֞ן לַ֤יְלָה לָכֶם֙ מֵֽחָז֔וֹן וְחָשְׁכָ֥ה לָכֶ֖ם מִקְּסֹ֑ם וּבָ֤אָה הַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ עַל־הַנְּבִיאִ֔ים וְקָדַ֥ר עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם הַיּֽוֹם׃

[Micah 3:6: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.3.6/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:MIC:41` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Micah 3:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MIC.40/)
- next →: [Micah 3:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/MIC.42/)
- ↑ back to [Micah 3:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.3.6/)