---
title: Micah 4:11 (JPS 1917) — And now many nations are assembled against thee, that say: 'Let her… · tree and pragmatics
description: And now many nations are assembled against thee, that say: 'Let her be defiled, and let our eye gaze upon Zion.' Who acts: many nations, woman, eye. Micah 4:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Micah 4:11 · JPS 1917

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And now many nations are assembled against thee, that say: 'Let her be defiled, and let our eye gaze upon Zion.'

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**Who acts:** many nations, woman, eye · **What happens:** assemble, say, let, defile, gaze · **To what, where:** many nations, woman, eye · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Micah 4:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many nations, woman, eye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:MIC:60
# text = And now many nations are assembled against thee, that say: 'Let her be defiled, and let our eye gaze upon Zion.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
3	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	nations	nation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	assembled	assemble	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	against	against	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	6	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	_
14	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	11	ccomp	_	_
15	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	defiled	defile	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	xcomp	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
21	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	gaze	gaze	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
24	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	Zion	Zion	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
27	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=decl, act=assert

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **assemble** | present · passive |  | many nations |  |  | now | against thee | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | many nations |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **let** | infinitive |  | woman |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **defile** | infinitive · passive | woman *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **let** | infinitive |  | our eye |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **gaze** | infinitive | our eye *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon Zion | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon zion=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְעַתָּ֛ה נֶאֶסְפ֥וּ עָלַ֖יִךְ גּוֹיִ֣ם רַבִּ֑ים הָאֹמְרִ֣ים תֶּחֱנָ֔ף וְתַ֥חַז בְּצִיּ֖וֹן עֵינֵֽינוּ׃

[Micah 4:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Jonathan →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/MIC.4.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:MIC:60` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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